Frosting performance of a nanoporous hydrophilic aluminum surface

© 2018 by the authors. As an efficient energy-saving piece of equipment, an air-source heat pump can not only reduce the energy consumption required for heating, but can also reduce the pollution from fossil consumption. However, when an air-source heat pump operates under low temperatures and high humidity, the heat exchanger surface of its outdoor evaporator often get covered with frost. The growth of the frost layer seriously affects the operation efficiency of the equipment and limits its engineering application. Looking for materials that can actively inhibit frost forming is a good strategy to solve the problem mentioned above. Numerous studies show that a hydrophilic surface (contact angle less than 90◦) can inhibit the normal freezing process. Manufacturing nanostructures on the surface also affect frosting performance. In this paper, nanoporous hydrophilic aluminum sheets, with contact angles of 47.8◦ (Sample 2), 35.9◦ (Sample 3), and 22.9◦ (Sample 4), respectively, were fabricated by the anodic oxidation method. The frosting performance of the nanoporous hydrophilic aluminum was studied compared with polished aluminum, with a contact angle of 60.2◦ (Sample 1). The frosting performance of the aluminum surface was systematically studied by observing the frost structure from top and side cameras and measuring the frost thickness, frost mass, and frosting rate. It was found that nanoporous hydrophilic aluminum can reduce the frost thickness and frost mass. The frost mass reduction rate of sample 2 reached a maximum of 65.9% at the surface temperature of −15 ◦C, under test conditions. When the surface temperature was −15 ◦C, the frosting rate of Sample 2 was 1.71 g/(m2·min), which was about one-third of that on sample 1 (polished aluminum). Nanoporous hydrophilic aluminum behaved better at lessening frost than polished aluminum, which revealed that manufacturing nanopores and promoting hydrophilicity can delay the formation of frost

15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I inhibits the proliferation of MV4-11 by means of apoptosis via antagonizing FLT3-ITD/STAT5/Mcl-1 pathway

Till now, the medicines approved for acute myeloid leukemia with internal tandem duplication mutation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) display not ideal efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 15,16-dihydrotanshinone I on FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia cells. The inhibitory effect of this compound against MV4-11 was determined using CCK-8 assay. Western blotting detecting caspase-3, PARP, and annexin V-APC/7-AAD was carried out. Activation of FLT3, STAT5, and Mcl-1 expression was analyzed by western blotting. The results showed that MV4-11 was sensitive toward dihydrotanshinone I in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). MV4-11 apoptosis was induced notably after dihydrotanshinone I treatment. Western blotting revealed suppressed activation of FLT3, STAT5 and decreased Mcl-1 (p<0.05). This study suggests that dihydrotanshinone I inhibits MV4-11 proliferation by apoptosis via antagonizing FLT3-ITD/STAT5/Mcl-1 path-way, which might provide a novel therapy for acute myeloid leukemia

Association between dietary inflammatory index and Parkinson’s disease from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2018): a cross-sectional study

ObjectedTo explore the association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores in adults over 40 years old in the US.MethodData were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2003 to 2018. A total of 21,994 participants were included in the study. A weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the DII and PD, in which continuous variables or categorical variables grouped by tertiles was used. The relationship between DII and PD has been further investigated using propensity score matching (PSM) and a subgroup analysis stratified based on DII and PD characteristics. Moreover, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was conducted to examine whether there was a nonlinear association between DII and PD.ResultsA total of 21,994 participants were obtained for statistical analysis, made up of 263 patients with PD and 21,731 participants without PD. Univariate and multivariable logistics regression analysis showed DII to be positively associated with PD before and after matching. Subgroup analysis revealed a statistical difference in non-Hispanic whites, but RCS analysis suggested that there was no nonlinear relationship between the DII and PD.ConclusionFor participants over 40 years of age, higher DII scores were positively correlated with PD. In addition, these results support the ability of diet to be used as an intervention strategy for managing PD

MiR-455 targeting SOCS3 improve liver lipid disorders in diabetic mice

MiR-455 has been verified a key regulator of brown adipose tissue and adipose tissue-specific overexpression of miR-455 (ap2-miR-455) mice could combat high-fat-diet-induced obesity. This study is to verify overexpression of miR-455 could ameliorate the lipid accumulation and metabolism in the liver of db/db diabetic mice and explore the potential mechanisms. Diabetic mice (db/db) and control mice (db/m) were randomly divided into four groups. After overexpression of miR-455 in the liver of db/db mice, the triglycerides level in both serum and liver decreased, the lipid deposit in liver was improved, the expression of fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCα) was also significantly down-regulated. TargetScan indicated that suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) is predicated to target miR-455 and the protein of SOCS3 in the liver of db/db mice after intervention was significantly decreased. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that SOCS3 was target gene of miR-455. In vitro, in Palmitate (PA)-stimulated human normal liver (LO2) cells, transfected miR-455 mimic could significantly inhibit the expression of SOCS3, while transfected miR-455 inhibitor could up-regulate the expression of SOCS3. Transfecting LO2 cells with siRNA of SOCS3 could significantly down-regulate the protein expression of SREBP-1c and ACCα. Our study showed that overexpression of miR-455 in the liver could improve lipid metabolism in diabetic mice by down-regulating its target gene SOCS3

Ultrafast and Ultralight Network-Based Intelligent System for Real-time Diagnosis of Ear diseases in Any Devices

Traditional ear disease diagnosis heavily depends on experienced specialists and specialized equipment, frequently resulting in misdiagnoses, treatment delays, and financial burdens for some patients. Utilizing deep learning models for efficient ear disease diagnosis has proven effective and affordable. However, existing research overlooked model inference speed and parameter size required for deployment. To tackle these challenges, we constructed a large-scale dataset comprising eight ear disease categories and normal ear canal samples from two hospitals. Inspired by ShuffleNetV2, we developed Best-EarNet, an ultrafast and ultralight network enabling real-time ear disease diagnosis. Best-EarNet incorporates the novel Local-Global Spatial Feature Fusion Module which can capture global and local spatial information simultaneously and guide the network to focus on crucial regions within feature maps at various levels, mitigating low accuracy issues. Moreover, our network uses multiple auxiliary classification heads for efficient parameter optimization. With 0.77M parameters, Best-EarNet achieves an average frames per second of 80 on CPU. Employing transfer learning and five-fold cross-validation with 22,581 images from Hospital-1, the model achieves an impressive 95.23% accuracy. External testing on 1,652 images from Hospital-2 validates its performance, yielding 92.14% accuracy. Compared to state-of-the-art networks, Best-EarNet establishes a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) in practical applications. Most importantly, we developed an intelligent diagnosis system called Ear Keeper, which can be deployed on common electronic devices. By manipulating a compact electronic otoscope, users can perform comprehensive scanning and diagnosis of the ear canal using real-time video. This study provides a novel paradigm for ear endoscopy and other medical endoscopic image recognition applications.Comment: This manuscript has been submitted to Neural Network

Absolute frequency measurements with a robust, transportable ^{40}Ca^{+} optical clock

We constructed a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock (with an estimated minimum systematic shift uncertainty of 1.3*10^(-17) and a stability of 5*10^(-15)/sqrt{tau} ) that can operate outside the laboratory. We transported it from the Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan to the National Institute of Metrology, Beijing. The absolute frequency of the 729 nm clock transition was measured for up to 35 days by tracing its frequency to the second of International System of Units. Some improvements were implemented in the measurement process, such as the increased effective up-time of 91.3 % of the 40Ca+ optical clock over a 35-day-period, the reduced statistical uncertainty of the comparison between the optical clock and hydrogen maser, and the use of longer measurement times to reduce the uncertainty of the frequency traceability link. The absolute frequency measurement of the 40Ca+ optical clock yielded a value of 411042129776400.26 (13) Hz with an uncertainty of 3.2*10^(-16), which is reduced by a factor of 1.7 compared with our previous results. As a result of the increase in the operating rate of the optical clock, the accuracy of 35 days of absolute frequency measurement can be comparable to the best results of different institutions in the world based on different optical frequency measurements.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

The role of electrocochleography and the caloric test in predicting short-term recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the value of physiological tests for evaluating inner ear function in predicting the short-term recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).Materials and methodsThe clinical information of all idiopathic BPPV patients who were treated in our clinic between February 2021 and December 2022 were reviewed. All patients included in the study had completed audiology examinations including pure tone audiometry, electrocochleography (EcochG), auditory brainstem response, and vestibular function examination such as the vestibular caloric test. The relationships between the results of the above tests and short-term recurrent BPPV were analyzed.ResultsA total of 96 patients with unilateral idiopathic BPPV were included for analysis. The numbers of non-recurrent patients and recurrent patients were 57 (59.4%) and 39 (40.6%), respectively. Only the results of EcochG and the caloric test showed significant differences between non-recurrent and recurrent patients (both P &lt; 0.05). The results of these two tests were also found to be independently predictive of short-term recurrence (both P &lt; 0.05). The non-recurrence rate for patients with normal results in both tests reached up to 78.3%, which was significantly higher than that for patients with abnormal results in both tests, 28.6% (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionEndolymphatic hydrops and canal paresis were independent risk factors for short-term recurrent BPPV. Additional treatments should be considered to reduce the recurrence rate, including dehydration treatment and vestibular rehabilitation

The possible mechanisms of ferroptosis in sepsis-associated acquired weakness

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, and its morbidity and mortality rates are increasing annually. It is an independent risk factor for intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), which is a common complication of patients in ICU. This situation is also known as sepsis-associated acquired weakness (SAW), and it can be a complication in more than 60% of patients with sepsis. The outcomes of SAW are often prolonged mechanical ventilation, extended hospital stays, and increased morbidity and mortality of patients in ICUs. The pathogenesis of SAW is unclear, and an effective clinical treatment is not available. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of cell death with unique morphological, biochemical, and genetic features. Unlike other forms of cell death such as autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis, ferroptosis is primarily driven by lipid peroxidation. Cells undergo ferroptosis during sepsis, which further enhances the inflammatory response. This process leads to increased cell death, as well as multi-organ dysfunction and failure. Recently, there have been sporadic reports suggesting that SAW is associated with ferroptosis, but the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we reviewed the possible pathogenesis of ferroptosis that leads to SAW and offer new strategies to prevent and treat SAW