Forecast on Energy Demand of Road Transportation in China

AbstractTo some extent, there are some uncertainties factors in forecasting energy demand of road transportation. Scientific forecasting China's energy demand of road transportation is a key for make long-term development plans of the nation's road transportation, and relevant policies of environmental protection and energy-saving. Basing on the energy demand of China's road transportation, considering the factors average fuel consumption of singleautomobile and the workload of road transportation, the paper does a comprehensive forecasting for China's energy demand of transportation in the future. The result is that in 2030, the energy demand of road transportation will amount to 250 million tons, which is 1.4 times that of 2020, and 2.3 times that of 2010. The significant increase of energy demand will inevitably bring great pressure to resources of energy and environmental protection, so the implementation of scientific development concept, saving resources and protecting the environment and adopting sustainable development policy will be the objective requirements for highway transportation development of China in the future

A Perturbed Projection Algorithm with Inertial Technique for Split Feasibility Problem

This paper deals with the split feasibility problem that requires to find a point closest to a closed convex set in one space such that its image under a linear transformation will be closest to another closed convex set in the image space. By combining perturbed strategy with inertial technique, we construct an inertial perturbed projection algorithm for solving the split feasibility problem. Under some suitable conditions, we show the asymptotic convergence. The results improve and extend the algorithms presented in Byrne (2002) and in Zhao and Yang (2005) and the related convergence theorem

ニトロキシドラジカルと遷移金属錯体からなる磁性体に関する研究

内容の要約広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(理学)Doctor of Sciencedoctora

Total flavonoids from Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) effect the expression of CaL-α1C and KATP-Kir6.1 mRNA of the myocardial cell membrane in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia rats

AbstractObjectiveTo observe the impact of total flavonoids from Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) on the expression of vascular smooth muscle membrane L-type calcium channel alpha1 C subunit (CaL-α1C) and ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP)-Kir6.1 mRNA, and explore the mechanisms of the antiarrhythmic effect of Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) total flavonoids.MethodsThe treatment group was fed total flavonoids from Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) for 7 days by gavage with 100 mg · kg−1 · d−1. The blank control group and model control group were given the same amount of normal saline for 7 d. Arrhythmias were induced by performing a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and electrocardiogram was observed. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of CaL-α 1Cand KATP-Kir6.1 mRNA in the myocardial cell membrane of all groups of rats.ResultsTotal flavonoids from Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) can delay the appearance of myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmias, shorten the duration of myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmias, reduce heart rate, reduce cell membrane expression of CaL-α1C mRNA and enhance the expression of KATP-Kir6.1 mRNA in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmic rats.ConclusionTotal flavonoids from Ganshanbian (Herba Hyperici Attenuati) can alleviate arrhythmias by affecting the expression of L-type calcium channels and ATP-sensitive K+ channels

Microglia Prevent Beta-Amyloid Plaque Formation in the Early Stage of an Alzheimer\u27s Disease Mouse Model with Suppression of Glymphatic Clearance

BACKGROUND: Soluble beta-amyloid (Aβ) can be cleared from the brain through various mechanisms including enzymatic degradation, glial cell phagocytosis, transport across the blood-brain barrier, and glymphatic clearance. However, the relative contribution of each clearance system and their compensatory effects in delaying the pathological process of Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD) are currently unknown. METHODS: Fluorescent trace, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analyses were performed to compare glymphatic clearance ability and Aβ accumulation among 3-month-old APP695/PS1-dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice, wild-type mice, aquaporin 4 knock out (AQP4−/−) mice, and AQP4−/−/APP/PS1 mice. The consequence of selectively eliminating microglial cells, or downregulating apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression, on Aβ burden, was also investigated in the frontal cortex of AQP4−/−/APP/PS1 mice and APP/PS1 mice. RESULTS: AQP4 deletion in APP/PS1 mice significantly exaggerated glymphatic clearance dysfunction, and intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ and apoE, although it did not lead to Aβ plaque deposition. Notably, microglia, but not astrocytes, increased activation and phagocytosis of Aβ in the cerebral cortex of AQP4−/−/APP/PS1 mice, compared with APP/PS1 mice. Selectively eliminating microglia in the frontal cortex via local injection of clodronate liposomes resulted in deposition of Aβ plaques in AQP4−/−/APP/PS1 mice, but not APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, knockdown of apoE reduced intraneuronal Aβ levels in both APP/PS1 mice and AQP4−/−/APP/PS1 mice, indicating an inhibitory effect of apoE on Aβ clearance. CONCLUSION: The above results suggest that the glymphatic system mediated Aβ and apoE clearance and microglia mediated Aβ degradation synergistically prevent Aβ plague formation in the early stages of the AD mouse model. Protecting one or both of them might be beneficial to delaying the onset of AD