Analysis of composite fuel application possibility based on coal and oats husks in industrial power engineering

Experimental studies were conducted to determine the energy and technical characteristics of composite fuels from T grade coal (Alardinsky deposit) and oats (Shegarsky district, Tomsk region). An effective concentration of composite fuel of 50% / 50% is established, at which the heat of combustion is reduced by less than 2%, the ash content is up to 44%, and the fly ash output is up to 48%

Research of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in the Nodes of Free-Flow Micro-Hpp With the Use of 3D Technology

In the article the analysis of existing micro-hydro turbines. Created 3D experimental model. Designed and developed an experimental stand for testing micro-turbine. Investigated options for generators on permanent magnets, selected the optimum scheme and developed a prototype three phase generator with permanent magnets

Research of rheological properties improvement methods of coal-water fuel based on low-grade coal

Experimental studies of coal-water fuel (CWF) rheological properties based on 3B brown coal have been conducted using different processing methods, such as rotary flows modulation device (RFMD), sodium hydroxide and lignosulfonate. Physicochemical properties of initial solid fuel have been determined using JEOL JCM 6000 microscope. Optimal method of coal-water treatment has been determined based on obtained data considering its influence on viscosity and sedimentation stability of coal-water slurry (CWS)

Research of rheological properties improvement methods of coal-water fuel based on low-grade coal

Experimental studies of coal-water fuel (CWF) rheological properties based on 3B brown coal have been conducted using different processing methods, such as rotary flows modulation device (RFMD), sodium hydroxide and lignosulfonate. Physicochemical properties of initial solid fuel have been determined using JEOL JCM 6000 microscope. Optimal method of coal-water treatment has been determined based on obtained data considering its influence on viscosity and sedimentation stability of coal-water slurry (CWS)

Research of Mechanical Treatment Influence on Rheological Properties of Coal-Water Fuel Based on Low-Grade 3B Coal

Experimental study of mechanical treatment effect of rotary flow modulation device on coal-water fuel rheological properties were conducted. The slurry was prepared on the basis of low-grade 3B coal from Balakhtinskoe deposit

Research of wood waste concentration influence on composite fuel energy characteristics based on low-grade 2b coal from "Borodinskoe" deposit

A pyrolysis process of different coal samples into three different types of oxidizing medium (argon, air and steam) were studied by means of thermogravimetry. Two coal types with different metamorphism degree (lignite and bituminous coal) were used. The experimental procedure was carried out in non-isothermal conditions in temperature range from 373 K to 1273 K with 20 K/min heating rate. Purge gas consisted of argon and oxidizer with volumetric ratio 1:24 and had 250 ml/min flow rate. Kinetic parameters were defined by fitting procedure using Arrhenius-type equation with the first order reaction rate on conversion distribution function. The ignition and burnout indexes were calculated to evaluate sample reactivity at different oxidizing mediums. The highest reactivity values in same atmosphere were obtained for lignite because of higher particle special surface area. For same samples the higher reactivity was obtained in steam medium. The conclusion about some kind of synergy between carbon oxidation and pyrolysis could be made

Research of Heating Rates Influence on Layer Coal Gasification of Krasnogorsky And Borodinsky Coal Deposit

Experimental research of heating rate influence on coal samples gasification process of Krasnogorsky and Borodinsky coal deposit ranks A and 2B was done to define optimal heating mode in high intensification of dispersal of inflammable gases conditions. Abundance ratio of carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide, water vapor, carbon dioxide at four values of heating rate within the range of 5 to 30 K/min. with further definition of optimal heating rate of coals was stated

Study of Electrophysical Intrastratal Gasification at Different Coal Heating Rate

Experimental instrumental multi-method research, electrophysical ihtrastratal gasification of antracite with further definition of quantitative syngas composition and its combustion heat design at different heating rates. It was stated that concentration of carbon dioxide CO[2], hydrogen H[2] decreases with heating rate increase in received syngas, and there is rise of carbon monoxide CO concentration. The results of the research showed that heating rate increase leads to a small rise of combustion heat as decrease of H[2] and CH[4] concentration is compensated with increase of CO

Interaction of transient shelf currents with a buoyancy-driven coastal current

Observations on the inner New Jersey shelf (1996) showed that transient wind-driven currents of 3–4-day periods strongly interacted with a buoyancy-driven coastal current (or buoyant plume) originating from the Hudson estuary. In particular, the depth-averaged current fluctuations were amplified in the buoyant water. This phenomenon is studied here using a primitive equation numerical model (SPEM5). Transient (periodic) shelf currents are introduced in the form of incident barotropic shelf waves (BSW). The model domain is an idealized channel with open upstream/downstream boundaries and the depth exponentially increasing offshore, which allows the BSW propagation through the model domain. In most cases, the wave period is five days. The buoyancy-driven coastal current is forced by constant buoyant discharge through a coastal gap. Propagating BSWs reduce the growth of a buoyant anticyclonic bulge at the source region while a coastal current downstream from the source contains more buoyant water with a sharper density gradient in the frontal zone compared to the case without BSWs. The amplitude of vertically averaged transient currents increases in the buoyant layer (for instance, by 20–30% for the inflow density anomaly of -3 to -4 kg m-3). This amplification depends on the density anomaly of buoyant inflow. On the other hand, variations in the inflow velocity and/or the net transport do not affect the BSW amplification. The amplification of velocity amplitude is associated with the incident BSW scattering into higher wave modes. The total energy flux should remain approximately the same as BSWs propagate through the domain. The higher modes have lower group speeds and thus their amplitudes should be higher in order to maintain the same energy flux. Such interactions of transient currents with buoyant plumes are important for the mixing processes and the across-shelf exchange on the inner shel

The cyclonic turning and propagation of buoyant coastal discharge along the shelf

Buoyant coastal discharge typically forms a current flowing along the coast in the direction of Kelvin wave propagation (hereinafter referred to as the downstream direction). In this paper the opposite, upstream penetration of buoyancy-driven current is studied using numerical modeling. Previous models of coastal buoyancy-driven currents repeatedly predicted the upstream spreading while in the field this feature was not commonly observed. The mechanism responsible for the propagation of buoyant flow along the coast upstream from its source is identified as follows. In many cases, the boundary conditions applied for buoyant discharge oversimplify the actual dynamics at the mouth blocking landward flow in the lower layer. This generates a strong cyclonic vorticity disturbance with corresponding upstream turning of buoyant flow at the source. This process initiates the upstream spreading of buoyant flow.Alternative boundary condition maintaining constant net transport but allowing baroclinic adjustment of buoyant inflow is formulated and shown to reduce the generation of cyclonic vorticity at the mouth. The upstream propagation is further enhanced by the vertical mixing. The buoyant water forms an anticyclonic bulge at the river or estuary mouth. While spreading around the center of this anticyclone, the fresher water gradually becomes saltier due to vertical mixing/diffusion. As a result, the pool of lightest water does not coincide with the center of the anticyclone (in the sense of integral streamfunction) but tends to occupy the upstream and inshore segment of the bulge where the buoyant water comes first. This sets a new center for the anticyclonic turning at the surface and promotes the upstream shift of the anticyclonic bulge. This process sustains continuous growth of the buoyant plume upstream. It is shown that the upstream ambient current does not produce a similar effect. Instead, buoyant flow periodically sheds anticyclones advected upstream with the mean current. Under certain conditions, upstream spreading is also possible in nature. For example, Beardsley et al. (1985) reported substantial upstream penetration of the Changjiang River discharge in the East China Sea during the period of high runoff