7,750 research outputs found
(5-Bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)(phenyl)methanone
In the title compound, C13H9BrO2, the molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal structure, weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions link the molecules into chains along the c-axis direction
Integrating UMLS Knowledge into Large Language Models for Medical Question Answering
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful text generation
capabilities, bringing unprecedented innovation to the healthcare field. While
LLMs hold immense promise for applications in healthcare, applying them to real
clinical scenarios presents significant challenges, as these models may
generate content that deviates from established medical facts and even exhibit
potential biases. In our research, we develop an augmented LLM framework based
on the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), aiming to better serve the
healthcare community. We employ LLaMa2-13b-chat and ChatGPT-3.5 as our
benchmark models, and conduct automatic evaluations using the ROUGE Score and
BERTScore on 104 questions from the LiveQA test set. Additionally, we establish
criteria for physician-evaluation based on four dimensions: Factuality,
Completeness, Readability and Relevancy. ChatGPT-3.5 is used for physician
evaluation with 20 questions on the LiveQA test set. Multiple resident
physicians conducted blind reviews to evaluate the generated content, and the
results indicate that this framework effectively enhances the factuality,
completeness, and relevance of generated content. Our research demonstrates the
effectiveness of using UMLS-augmented LLMs and highlights the potential
application value of LLMs in in medical question-answering.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Recommended from our members
Retinol binding protein 4 promotes hyperinsulinism-induced proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells
Recent studies have suggested that retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), an adipocytokine related to insulin resistance (IR), may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is one of the most common causes of atherosclerosis. Hyperinsulinism promotes proliferation of VSMCs through the MAPK pathway. However, whether RBP4 is involved in insulin-induced proliferation of VSMCs leading to atherosclerosis remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the role of RBP4 and the potential relevance of signaling pathways in this process. Different concentrations of RBP4 (1 and 4 μg/ml) were added to rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) during insulin-induced proliferation. The levels of cell growth signaling pathway proteins ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3 and p-STAT3 were assessed by western blotting in order to identify the pathway(s) that are activated during insulin-induced proliferation. The specific inhibitors of ERK1/2 (PD98059) and JAK2 (AG490) were used to confirm our findings. Insulin induced proliferation of RASMCs in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and increased the expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3 and p-STAT3 in a time-dependent manner. RBP4 enhanced insulin-induced proliferation of RASMCs and expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-JAK2. RBP4-induced proliferation of RASMCs was reduced by the ERK1/2 inhibitor, while it was unaffected by the JAK2 inhibitor. These results suggest that RBP4 mediates VSMC proliferation induced by insulin via activation of the MAPK pathway, and highlight RBP4 as a modulator of atherosclerosis in hyperinsulinemia, therby enhancing our understanding on a number of unexpected aspects of CVD
Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network-Based Remote Water-Level Monitoring System
The proposed remote water-level monitoring system (RWMS) consists of a field sensor module, a base station module, adata center module and aWEB releasing module. It has advantages in real time and synchronized remote control, expandability, and anti-jamming capabilities. The RWMS can realize real-time remote monitoring, providing early warning of events and protection of the safety of monitoring personnel under certain dangerous circumstances. This system has been successfully applied in Poyanghu Lake. The cost of the whole system is approximately 1,500 yuan (RMB)
- …