三種類の増感剤を用いた界面修飾による高効率かつ安定な全無機ペロブスカイト太陽電池の開発に関する研究

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been intensively investigated and also considered as the most likely the third-generation photovoltaic device for commercialization. Among the family of PSCs, we know that all inorganic PSCs hold the unique advantage of thermal stability which are the ideal candidate to mitigate the stable issues of PSCs. However, all inorganic PSCs still suffer from low power conversion efficiency (PCE), poor moisture stability as well as the toxic problem. This thesis mainly focus on the exploration of non-toxic perovskite materials, enhancement of perovskite moisture stability, improvement of the perovskite absorption character and application in PSCs. Firstly, for improving CsPbIBr2-based PSC performance, 5, 15-bis (2, 6-dioctoxyphenyl)-10-(bis(4-hexylphenyl)-amino-20-4-carboxyphenyl ethynyl) porphyrinato]zinc(II) (YD2-o-C8), a dye molecular, was employed. After introducing the dye molecular, the light absorption spectrum was broadened, meanwhile, the interfacial charge recombination also be efficiently reduced. Secondly, a simple surface engineering using another dye molecular, Tris(N,N,N-tributyl-1-butanaminium)[[2,2′′6′,2′′-terpyridine]-4,4′,4′′-tricarboxylato(3-)-N1,N1′,N1′′]tris(thiocyanato-N)hydrogen ruthenate(4-) (N749), was applied for NiOx layer. This strategy exhibits that it can efficiently improve phase moisture stability of perovskite materials. Thirdly, for replacing the toxic Pb, a Pt-based double perovskite material Cs2PtI6 was explored. This material demonstrates excellent stability when exposed to extreme conditions such as high humidity, high temperature and UV-light irradiation. In chapter 1, the background of the photovoltaic technology and the current development, including the device classification and the basic principle of solar cells were introduced. Moreover, the perovskite materials and their devices structure were demonstrated. All inorganic and Pb-free perovskites were also introduced. Furthermore, the challenges for the lead-free perovskites and the purpose of this thesis were described. Moreover, the issues of the all-inorganic PSCs and the motivation of this thesis were depicted. In chapter 2, the reagents and apparatus for prepare each layer of PSCs in this thesis were listed. Besides that, the basic physical and optoelectronic characterization methods and instruments were listed. The general descriptions of the preparation methods and the device fabrication techniques were displayed. In addition, the information related to device performance were depicted. In chapter 3, for enhancing the performance of the all-inorganic PSCs, the strategy of broadening the absorption spectrum and reducing the energy loss (Eloss) was executed. A dye molecule YD2-o-C8 was introduced. This surface engineering preprocess indicates that the dye has two main functions. It can not only as a co-sensitizer layer broaden the absorption spectrum, but also reduce the Eloss. After modification of YD2-o-C8, the light absorption cut-off edge of the active layer was obviously broadened from 600 to 680 nm and the interfacial charge recombination was highly suppressed. Finally, the PCE was improved from 7.02% to 10.13%, and a record-high open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.37 V, short-circuit currents (JSC) of 12.05 mA/cm2 were achieved. In chapter 4, for solving the poor phase stability caused by moisture, we modified the interface contact and energy alignment between NiOx and CsPbIBr2 using another dye molecular N749. The result shows a better PCE of 9.49% compared to the control sample (6.28%) in CsPbIBr2-based inverted PSCs. Significantly the passivated device after 1000 h stored in 65% relative humidity (RH) ambient still can maintain around 86% of its initial value. The result indicates the application of N749 could effectively prevent phase segregation and moisture infiltration. In chapter 5, with the aim of replacing the toxic Pb metal and stabilizing the PSCs, a novel ultrastability double perovskite Cs2PtI6 was synthesized and successfully applied into solar cells through the solution process. The bandgap of the Cs2PtI6 is 1.37 eV, and the absorption band edge is up to 905 nm. After optimization, the Cs2PtI6 based solar cells exhibited a best PCE of 0.72% with a VOC of 0.73 V, a short-circuit current of 1.2 mA/cm2 and a fill factor of 0.82. The devices stayed in extreme conditions such as high humidity, high temperature and UV-light irradiation without any encapsulation, can retain almost 80% of the original efficiency, suggesting excellent device stability. Finally, the general conclusions of this thesis were listed and future prospects were given for further development of PSCs. The development of all inorganic perovskites photovoltaic devices still face many restriction in terms of poor light utilization capacity, long-time stability and toxicity for commercialization. Some further studies have applied to enhance the performance of the device such as introducing absorption layer and interfacial passivation for improving spectral absorption and reducing the surface recombination Development of new Pb-free perovskites with high performance can also be helpful to replace the toxic lead problem.九州工業大学博士学位論文 学位記番号：生工博甲第413号 学位授与年月日：令和3年9月24日1. Introduction|2. Experimental section of the general methods and characterization techniques|3. Reducing interfacial energy loss by YD2-o-C8 interface passivation|4. Improving moisture stability through dye molecule N749 interface modification|5. Development of non-toxic and ultra-stable perovskite sensitizer|6. General conclusions and future prospects九州工業大学令和3年

Niobium Incorporation into CsPbI2Br for Stable and Efficient All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells

All-inorganic perovskites are attracting increasing attention due to their superior thermal stability than that of the traditional CH3NH3PbI3, while their inferior phase stability in ambient conditions is still an unsolved issue. Here, for the first time, we report the incorporation of niobium (Nb5+) ions into the CsPbI2Br perovskite. Results indicate that Nb5+ can effectively stabilize the photoactive α-CsPbI2Br phase by the possible substitution of Pb2+. With 0.5% Nb doping, the carbon electrode-based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells achieved a high photoconversion efficiency value of 10.42%, 15% higher than that of the control device. The Nb5+ incorporation reduces the charge recombination in the perovskite, leading to a champion Voc value of 1.27 V and a negligible hysteresis effect. This work explicates the high compatibility of all-inorganic perovskite materials and unlocks the opportunities for the use of high-valence ions for perovskite property modification

Genome-wide expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis of diurnally regulated genes in the mouse prefrontal cortex

BACKGROUND: The prefrontal cortex is important in regulating sleep and mood. Diurnally regulated genes in the prefrontal cortex may be controlled by the circadian system, by sleep:wake states, or by cellular metabolism or environmental responses. Bioinformatics analysis of these genes will provide insights into a wide-range of pathways that are involved in the pathophysiology of sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders with sleep disturbances. RESULTS: We examined gene expression in the mouse prefrontal cortex at four time points during a 24 hour (12 hour light:12 hour dark) cycle using microarrays, and identified 3,890 transcripts corresponding to 2,927 genes with diurnally regulated expression patterns. We show that 16% of the genes identified in our study are orthologs of identified clock, clock controlled or sleep/wakefulness induced genes in the mouse liver and suprachiasmatic nucleus, rat cortex and cerebellum, or Drosophila head. The diurnal expression patterns were confirmed for 16 out of 18 genes in an independent set of RNA samples. The diurnal genes fall into eight temporal categories with distinct functional attributes, as assessed by Gene Ontology classification and analysis of enriched transcription factor binding sites. CONCLUSION: Our analysis demonstrates that approximately 10% of transcripts have diurnally regulated expression patterns in the mouse prefrontal cortex. Functional annotation of these genes will be important for the selection of candidate genes for behavioral mutants in the mouse and for genetic studies of disorders associated with anomalies in the sleep:wake cycle and circadian rhythm

Perovskite Solar Cells in Space: Evaluation of Perovskite Solar Cell Hole Transport Material in Space Environment

Majority of spacecrafts rely on solar power as the main source of energy. The search for a lightweight and cost-efficient energy source with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) led to the development of organic-inorganic metal halide Perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, the performance of PSCs with different hole-transport material (HTM) prepared for in-orbit demonstration mission onboard CubeSats are compared under simulated space environment such as thermal cycling stress, high-vacuum, UV radiation and vibration. Results show that even though organic and inorganic HTM display superior initial PCE, Carbon HTM PSCs trumps them in terms of stability and is more practical for use in space. The paper also discusses the satellite mission and developed hardware for the first demonstration of Perovskite solar cells on-board a satellite to gather in-orbit information on the performance of Perovskite solar cells in low-earth orbit and how the ground test results would be verified

Evaluation of the reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines on gliomas using the RIGHT checklist

Background: The reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for gliomas has not yet been thoroughly assessed. The International Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) statement developed in 2016 provides a reporting framework to improve the quality of CPGs. We aimed to estimate the reporting quality of glioma guidelines using the RIGHT checklist and investigate how the reporting quality differs by selected characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases, guideline databases, and medical society websites to retrieve CPGs on glioma published between 2018 and 2020. We calculated the compliance of the CPGs to individual items, domains and the RIGHT checklist overall. We performed stratified analyses by publication year, country of development, reporting of funding, and impact factor (IF) of the journal. Results: Our search revealed 20 eligible guidelines. Mean overall adherence to the RIGHT statement was 54.6%. Eight CPGs reported more than 60% of the items, and five reported less than 50%. All guidelines adhered to the items 1a, 3, 7a, 13a, while no guidelines reported the items 17 or 18b (see http://www.rightstatement.org/right-statement/checklist for a description of the items). Two of the seven domains, "Basic information" and "Background", had mean reporting rates above 60%. The "Review and quality assurance" domain had the lowest mean reporting rate, 12.5%. The reporting quality of guidelines published in 2020, guidelines developed in the United States, and guidelines that reported funding tended to be above average. Conclusions: The reporting quality of CPGs on gliomas is low and needs improvement. Particular attention should be paid on reporting the external review and quality assurance process. The use of the RIGHT criteria should be encouraged to guide the development, reporting and evaluation of CPGs

Theoretical study of the influence of doped niobium on the electronic properties of CsPbBr3

In the family of inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), CsPbBr3 has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent stability under high humidity and high temperature conditions. However, power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvement of CsPbBr3-based PSCs is markedly limited by the large optical absorption loss coming from the wide band gap and serious charge recombination at interfaces and/or within the perovskite film. In this work, using density functional theory calculations, we systemically studied the electronic properties of niobium (Nb)-doped CsPbBr3 with different concentration ratios. As a result, it is found that doped CsPbBr3 compounds are metallic at high Nb doping concentration but semiconducting at low Nb doping concentration. The calculated electronic density of states shows that the conduction band is predominantly constructed of doped Nb. These characteristics make them very suitable for solar cell and energy storage applications

Genomic Landscape of a Three-Generation Pedigree Segregating Affective Disorder

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a common psychiatric illness with a complex mode of inheritance. Besides traditional linkage and association studies, which require large sample sizes, analysis of common and rare chromosomal copy number variants (CNVs) in extended families may provide novel insights into the genetic susceptibility of complex disorders. Using the Illumina HumanHap550 BeadChip with over 550,000 SNP markers, we genotyped 46 individuals in a three-generation Old Order Amish pedigree with 19 affected (16 BPD and three major depression) and 27 unaffected subjects. Using the PennCNV algorithm, we identified 50 CNV regions that ranged in size from 12 to 885 kb and encompassed at least 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Of 19 well characterized CNV regions that were available for combined genotype-expression analysis 11 (58%) were associated with expression changes of genes within, partially within or near these CNV regions in fibroblasts or lymphoblastoid cell lines at a nominal P value <0.05. To further investigate the mode of inheritance of CNVs in the large pedigree, we analyzed a set of four CNVs, located at 6q27, 9q21.11, 12p13.31 and 15q11, all of which were enriched in subjects with affective disorders. We additionally show that these variants affect the expression of neuronal genes within or near the rearrangement. Our analysis suggests that family based studies of the combined effect of common and rare CNVs at many loci may represent a useful approach in the genetic analysis of disease susceptibility of mental disorders

シンケイケイ ニ サヨウスル ショクブツ Rubisco ユライ ノ シンキ ペプチド ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(農学)甲第9642号農博第1270号新制||農||846(附属図書館)学位論文||H14||N3674(農学部図書室)UT51-2002-G400京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻(主査)教授 吉川 正明, 教授 伏木 亨, 教授 北畠 直文学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDA