Evaluation of Health and Fairness in Medical Facilities in China National-Level

The right to health is the most basic right of residents. The distribution of public medical facilities is also closely related to the quality of life of residents. Based on the fairness of medical facilities, this paper will take China's provinces as the research unit, and evaluate the fairness of medical facilities from three levels (equity index, health demand, the degree of health and equity). In terms of fairness index, the distribution of medical resources in each province is relatively balanced. In terms of health demand, the central and north western provinces have higher demands, and the north eastern provinces have lower demands. In terms of the degree of health and equity, the distribution of medical facilities in various provinces in China is uneven. Through these three levels, gradually deepen the research and discuss the characteristics of the distribution of medical facilities in China, and provide some suggestions to improve them according to the evaluation results

Effective Underwater Glider Path Planning in Dynamic 3D Environments Using Multi-Point Potential Fields

Underwater gliders (UGs) have emerged as highly effective unmanned vehicles for ocean exploration. However, their operation in dynamic and complex underwater environments necessitates robust path-planning strategies. Previous studies have primarily focused on global energy or time-efficient path planning in explored environments, overlooking challenges posed by unpredictable flow conditions and unknown obstacles in varying and dynamic areas like fjords and near-harbor waters. This paper introduces and improves a real-time path planning method, Multi-Point Potential Field (MPPF), tailored for UGs operating in 3D space as they are constrained by buoyancy propulsion and internal actuation. The proposed MPPF method addresses obstacles, flow fields, and local minima, enhancing the efficiency and robustness of UG path planning. A low-cost prototype, the Research Oriented Underwater Glider for Hands-on Investigative Engineering (ROUGHIE), is utilized for validation. Through case studies and simulations, the efficacy of the enhanced MPPF method is demonstrated, highlighting its potential for real-world applications in underwater exploration.Comment: 7 pages, 12 figures, submitted for CAMS 202

INVESTIGATION ON THE CURRENT SITUATION AND COUNTERMEASURES OF EXTRACURRICULAR READING FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF ZHEJIANG, CHINA

Based on a survey of 697 students in primary schools of Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province, this paper found that: (1) 25% of parents support their children to read reference books and regular parent-child reading, but most of the parents are afraid it may negatively influence school curriculum so they limit or against extracurricular reading and do not carry out the parent-child reading; only 27% of teachers often assign extracurricular reading tasks, most rarely or never, parents and schools currently pay little attention to extracurricular reading. (2) Eighty one percent of children spent 2 hours or more on homework or reviewing lessons every day, 88% of them watched about 1 hour of TV every day, and 68% of them played video games for about 1 hour. Except eating, sleeping and commuting, they have an average of 4-5 hours of free time outside school, so more than 50% of primary school students spend less than 0.5 hour reading Chinese books every day. (3) Nearly 80% of children read 2-5 Chinese books every month and spend around ￥500 on books every year; in addition, more than 60% of the respondents read paper books, and the reading of extracurricular English books is close to zero, which caused their limited reading volume, narrow scope of knowledge, restricted international vision, and inadequate reading habits. The situation extracurricular reading is not ideal, which may seriously affect the future academic and career development. To improve the unfavorable situation, this paper put forward the following suggestions: (1) all levels of government should allocate fund to establish and improve bookshelves in school classroom and community library, promote "home - school - community cooperation reading plan", let the children at school can have more 0.5-1 hours of reading at noon, and can approach in the community library for reading on weekend and holidays; (2) distribute free books to low-income families and advocate encouraging parents to spend half an hour reading with their children; (3) the school attaches great importance to the extracurricular reading education, organize pupils in class after school every afternoon 1 hour or so of intensive reading, storytelling and drama class PK activities such as English, both can effectively improve the student's reading interest, also solved the question which is many parents unable to pick up their kids during work at 3:30 p.m.; (4) promote digital reading, reduce the cost of reading, and correctly understand the impact of digital reading on eyesight.  Article visualizations

Comparative Analysis of Fatty Acid Desaturases in Cyanobacterial Genomes

Fatty acid desaturases are enzymes that introduce double bonds into the hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids. The fatty acid desaturases from 37 cyanobacterial genomes were identified and classified based upon their conserved histidine-rich motifs and phylogenetic analysis, which help to determine the amounts and distributions of desaturases in cyanobacterial species. The filamentous or N2-fixing cyanobacteria usually possess more types of fatty acid desaturases than that of unicellular species. The pathway of acyl-lipid desaturation for unicellular marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus differs from that of other cyanobacteria, indicating different phylogenetic histories of the two genera from other cyanobacteria isolated from freshwater, soil, or symbiont. Strain Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421 was isolated from calcareous rock and lacks thylakoid membranes. The types and amounts of desaturases of this strain are distinct to those of other cyanobacteria, reflecting the earliest divergence of it from the cyanobacterial line. Three thermophilic unicellular strains, Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 and two Synechococcus Yellowstone species, lack highly unsaturated fatty acids in lipids and contain only one Δ9 desaturase in contrast with mesophilic strains, which is probably due to their thermic habitats. Thus, the amounts and types of fatty acid desaturases are various among different cyanobacterial species, which may result from the adaption to environments in evolution

SDiT: Spiking Diffusion Model with Transformer

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have low power consumption and bio-interpretable characteristics, and are considered to have tremendous potential for energy-efficient computing. However, the exploration of SNNs on image generation tasks remains very limited, and a unified and effective structure for SNN-based generative models has yet to be proposed. In this paper, we explore a novel diffusion model architecture within spiking neural networks. We utilize transformer to replace the commonly used U-net structure in mainstream diffusion models. It can generate higher quality images with relatively lower computational cost and shorter sampling time. It aims to provide an empirical baseline for research of generative models based on SNNs. Experiments on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR-10 datasets demonstrate that our work is highly competitive compared to existing SNN generative models

Transcriptome analysis of Rpl11-deficient zebrafish model of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia

AbstractTo comprehensively reflect the roles of Rpl11 on the transcriptome of zebrafish model of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA), we performed whole-genome transcriptome sequencing on the Illumina Hi-Seq 2000 sequencing platform. Two different transcriptomes of zebrafish Rpl11-deficient and control Morpholino (Mo) embryos were collected and analyzed. The experimental design and methods, including sample preparation, RNA-Seq data evaluation and treatment, were described in details so that representative high-throughput sequencing data were acquired for assessing the actual impacts of Rpl11 on zebrafish embryos. We provided the accession number GSE51326 for easy access to the database

Conformation-selective rather than avidity-based binding to tumor associated antigen derived peptide-MHC enables targeting of WT1-pMHC low expressing cancer cells by anti-WT1-pMHC/CD3 T cell engagers

T cell engagers, a category of T cell-retargeting immunotherapy, are rapidly transforming clinical cancer care. However, the lack of tumor-specific targets poses a significant roadblock for broad adaptation of this therapeutic modality in many indications, often resulting in systemic on-target off-tumor toxicity. Though various tumor-derived intracellular mutations provide a massive pool of potential tumor-specific antigens, targeting them is extremely challenging, partly due to the low copy number of tumor associated antigen (TAA)-derived pMHC on tumor cell surface. Further, the interplay of binding geometry and format valency in relation to the capacity of a T cell engager to efficiently target low density cell-surface pMHC is not well understood. Using the Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) oncoprotein as a proof-of-principle TAA, combined with an array of IgG-like T cell engager modalities that differ in their anti-TAA valency and binding geometry, we show that the ability to induce an immunological synapse formation, resulting in potent killing of WT1 positive cancer cell lines is primarily dependent on the distinct geometrical conformations between the Fab arms of anti-WT1-HLA-A*02:01 and anti-CD3. The augmented avidity conferred by the binding of two anti-WT1-HLA-A*02:01 Fab arms has only minimal influence on cell killing potency. These findings demonstrate the need for careful examination of key design parameters for the development of next-generation T cell engagers targeting low density TAA-pMHCs on tumor cells

Interplay between moment-dependent and field-driven unidirectional magnetoresistance in CoFeB/InSb/CdTe heterostructures

Magnetoresistance effects are crucial for understanding the charge/spin transport as well as propelling the advancement of spintronic applications. Here we report the coexistence of magnetic moment-dependent (MD) and magnetic field-driven (FD) unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) effects in CoFeB/InSb/CdTe heterostructures. The strong spin-orbital coupling of InSb and the matched impedance at the CoFeB/InSb interface warrant a distinct MD-UMR effect at room temperature, while the interaction between the in-plane magnetic field and the Rashba effect at the InSb/CdTe interface induces the marked FD-UMR signal that dominates the high-field region. Moreover, owning to the different spin transport mechanisms, these two types of nonreciprocal charge transport show opposite polarities with respect to the magnetic field direction, which further enable an effective phase modulation of the angular-dependent magnetoresistance. Besides, the demonstrations of both the tunable UMR response and two-terminal spin-orbit torque-driven magnetization switching validate our CoFeB/InSb/CdTe system as a suitable integrated building block for multifunctional spintronic device design