5-Chloro­methyl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

The pyazole ring in the title compound, C6H9ClN2, is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.003 Å). In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯N inter­actions, forming [100] chains

5-(3-Chloro­phen­yl)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole

In the title compound, C16H14ClN, the conformation of the five-membered ring approximates to an envelope with a C atom as the flap. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 78.71 (9)°

(E)-2-(4-tert-But­ylphen­yl)-2-cyano-1-(3-methyl-1-vinyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)vinyl 2,2-dimethyl­propano­ate

In the title compound, C24H29N3O2, the dihedral angle between the benzene and pyrazole rings is 80.55 (7)°. The mol­ecule contains an acrylonitrile moiety and exists in an E conformation. Bioassay tests showed that the title compound exhibited higher acaricidal activity than its Z isomer

2-(2-Chloro­pyridin-3-yl)-N-ethyl-4-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-carboxamide

In the title compound, C12H12ClN3O2, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 8.42 (10)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(4) chains propagating in [001]

KIF21A Mutations in Two Chinese Families with Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles (CFEOM)

Purpose: Two Chinese families (XT and YT) with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) were identified. The purpose of this study was to determine if previously described Homo sapiens kinesin family member 21A (KIF21A) mutations were responsible for CFEOM in these two Chinese pedigrees. Methods: Clinical characterization and genetic studies were performed. Microsatellite genotyping for linkage to the CFEOM1 and CFEOM3 loci was performed. The probands were screened for KIF21A mutations by bidirectional direct sequencing. Once a mutation was detected in the proband, all other participating family members and 100 unrelated control normal individuals were screened for the mutation. Results: All affected individuals in family XT shared the common manifestations of CFEOM1. Family YT had two affected individuals, a mother and a daughter. The daughter had CFEOM1, while her mother never had congential ptosis but did have limited extraocular movements status post strabismus surgery. Haplotype analysis revealed that pedigree XT was linked to the 12q CFEOM1 locus and the affected memberes harbored the second most common missense mutation in KIF21A (2,861G>A, R954Q). Family YT harbored the most common missense de novo mutation in KIF21A (2,860C>T, R954W). Both of these mutations have been previously described. Conclusions: The observation of these two KIF21A mutations in a Chinese pedigree underscores the homogeneity of these mutations as a cause of CFEOM1 and CFEOM3 across ethnic divisions

Characteristics of multicystic biliary hamartoma: A case report

IntroductionMulticystic biliary hamartoma (MCBH) is a very rare hepatic benign neoplasm that manifests as a localized cystic-solid mass. Only 17 cases have been described in the literature to date. MCBH diagnosis is currently dependent on imaging and pathology following surgical resection and no precise standards are in place.Case PresentationThis case study involves a middle-aged male patient with a history of drinking but no other liver diseases. A routine ultrasound examination showed a 6.0 × 5.5 cm inhomogeneous echo mass in the right lobe of the liver. The patient experienced no discomfort or other symptoms, and blood tests were normal. Imaging revealed a localized cystic-solid neoplasm in segment 6 of the liver that did not have the features of a malignant tumor. Surgical resection was performed. Based on imaging, macroscopic examination, and histological results, a final diagnosis of MCBH was made.ConclusionThe imaging and pathological features of MCBH were summarized based on the published case reports to date. As a non-invasive examination, the imaging features will aid in the diagnosis of MCBH. Furthermore, these features, along with tumor size and patient symptoms, will facilitate clinicians in selecting surgical resection or follow-up for individual patients

First Principles Study on Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Ternary GaAs:Bi Alloy

The electronic structure and optical properties of ternary GaAs:Bi alloy are investigated by first principles calculations. It is found that the band gap of GaAs1-xBix decreases monotonously with the increasing of Bi concentration, resulting in the fundamental absorption edge and main absorption peaks of GaAs1-xBix shifting toward lower energy with the increase of the Bi content. The optical constants of GaAs1-xBix, such as the optical absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient and optical conductivity, are greater than those of pure GaAs when x > 3.1%, but less than those of pure GaAs when x < 3.1%, which is primarily decided by the intraband level repulsions between Bi-induced states and host states on the valence bands; the contribution of Bi-6s, Bi-6p orbitals and Ga-4p, Ga-4s orbitals on conduction bands is also crucial. Bi doping plays an important role in the modulation of the static dielectric constant and the static refractive index. These results suggest a promising application of GaAs1-xBix alloy as a semiconductor saturable absorber