Serum retinol-binding protein 4 levels are elevated but do not contribute to insulin resistance in newly diagnosed Chinese hypertensive patients

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is closely correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a novel adipokine that modulates the action of insulin in various diseases. This study addressed the relationship between RBP4 and IR in newly diagnosed essential hypertension. METHODS: Serum RBP4, anthropometric and metabolic parameters were determined in 267 newly diagnosed essential hypertensive patients not taking antihypertensive medications. The patients along with 64 control (NC) normotensive and lean subjects paired by age and sex were divided into two groups depending on body mass index (BMI), hypertension with obesity (HPO) and hypertension without obesity (HP). RESULTS: A striking difference was observed in RBP4 levels between the HP and NC groups. Significantly higher levels were noted in the HP group compared with the NC group; slightly, but not significantly, lower levels were observed in the HPO group compared with the HP group. After adjusting for BMI, WC and WHR, a modestly linear relationship was observed between RBP4 levels and SBP (r = 0.377; p = 0.00), DBP (r = 0.288; p = 0.00) and HOMA-β(r = 0.121; p = 0.028). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that SBP, WHR and drinking were independently related with serum RBP4 levels. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicated that RBP4 levels were increased in naive hypertensive patients; however, no differences were observed in obese or non-obese hypertensive subjects. Our data suggest for the first time that RBP4 levels are significantly increased but do not contribute to the development of IR in newly diagnosed hypertensive Chinese patients

Key Technology of Real-Time Road Navigation Method Based on Intelligent Data Research

The effect of traffic flow prediction plays an important role in routing selection. Traditional traffic flow forecasting methods mainly include linear, nonlinear, neural network, and Time Series Analysis method. However, all of them have some shortcomings. This paper analyzes the existing algorithms on traffic flow prediction and characteristics of city traffic flow and proposes a road traffic flow prediction method based on transfer probability. This method first analyzes the transfer probability of upstream of the target road and then makes the prediction of the traffic flow at the next time by using the traffic flow equation. Newton Interior-Point Method is used to obtain the optimal value of parameters. Finally, it uses the proposed model to predict the traffic flow at the next time. By comparing the existing prediction methods, the proposed model has proven to have good performance. It can fast get the optimal value of parameters faster and has higher prediction accuracy, which can be used to make real-time traffic flow prediction

Silencing of FGF ‐21 expression promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis by regulation of the STAT 3– SOCS 3 signal

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106851/1/febs12767.pd

PEDF relieves kidney injury in type 2 diabetic nephropathy mice by reducing macrophage infiltration

Background: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional protein with anti-angiogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. PEDF is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, but its exact role in diabetic kidney remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether PEDF can alleviate renal damage in type 2 diabetic nephropathy mice by inhibiting macrophage infiltration. Methods: The db/db mice were randomly divided into diabetes PEDF intervention group (DM-P78-PEDF), diabetes empty carrier intervention group (DM-Vehicle) and diabetes mellitus group (DM). Subsequently, they were injected subcutaneously P78-PEDF (0.3μg/g/d) and PBS for 6 weeks. The kidney weight to body weight ratio was observed of the rats. Automatic biochemical analyzer to determine fasting blood glucose (GLU), blood urea nitrogen (UREA), serum creatinine (CREA), hemoglobin (HGB) content. Histological and ultrastructural pathologic changes in the kidneys were examined through H&E and PAS staining. Kidney tissues levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were determined by ELISA. Expression of the macrophages infiltration and typing as well as that of PEDF, NF-κB, TLR4 was evaluated in the kidneys. Results: PEDF was located in glomeruli and the expression of PEDF protein and mRNA in kidney of diabetic mice was declined significantly. Compared with diabetic mice treated with vehicle, continuous infusion of P78-PEDF could reduce blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine (CREA), renal macrophage recruitment, inflammatory cytokines, histological changes and restore the expression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway related factors in diabetic mice. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of P78-PEDF peptide as a potential treatment in the occurrence and development of diabetic renal injur

The association between socioeconomic status and health-related quality of life among young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients: multiple mediation modeling

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), illness perception, social functioning, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and the internal mechanism of action.DesignA multicenter cross-sectional study.MethodsAn aggregate of 332 young and middle-aged MHD patients were enrolled from hemodialysis centers in four general hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, from June to December 2022. The questionnaires used included one for general demographic data, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Social Dysfunction Screening Scale (SDSS), and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12).ResultsBoth SES and HRQoL were negatively correlated with illness perception and social functioning, respectively. SES was positively correlated with HRQoL. Illness perception was positively correlated with social functioning. The indirect effects of illness perception and social functioning on the relationship between SES and HRQoL were 0.33 and 0.31, making up 41.06% and 38.91% of the sum. The chain indirect effect of illness perception and social functioning was 0.10, making up 12.59% of the total effect, while gender did not play a moderating role.ConclusionIllness perception and social functioning may independently and accumulatively mediate the association between SES and HRQoL. Nurses should consider developing individual intervention program for young and middle-aged MHD patients with low SES, focusing on establishing targeted counseling and health education strategies corresponding to illness perception and social functioning to help patients improve their HRQoL

The impact of hyperglycaemic crisis episodes on long-term outcomes for inpatients presenting with acute organ injury: A prospective, multicentre follow-up study

BackgroundThe long-term clinical outcome of poor prognosis in patients with diabetic hyperglycaemic crisis episodes (HCE) remains unknown, which may be related to acute organ injury (AOI) and its continuous damage after hospital discharge. This study aimed to observe the clinical differences and relevant risk factors in HCE with or without AOI.MethodsA total of 339 inpatients were divided into an AOI group (n=69) and a non-AOI group (n=270), and their differences and risk factors were explored. The differences in clinical outcomes and prediction models for evaluating the long-term adverse events after hospital discharge were established.ResultsThe mortality among cases complicated by AOI was significantly higher than that among patients without AOI [8 (11.59%) vs. 11 (4.07%), Q = 0.034] during hospitalization. After a 2-year follow-up, the mortality was also significantly higher in patients with concomitant AOI than in patients without AOI after hospital discharge during follow-up [13 (21.31%) vs. 15 (5.8%), Q < 0.001]. The long-term adverse events in patients with concomitant AOI were significantly higher than those in patients without AOI during follow-up [15 (24.59%) vs. 31 (11.97%), Q = 0.015]. Furthermore, Blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (P = 0.003), Cystatin C (P <0.001), serum potassium levels (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with long-term adverse events after hospital discharge.ConclusionsThe long-term prognosis of HCE patients complicated with AOI was significantly worse than that of HCE patients without AOI. The laboratory indicators were closely correlated with AOI, and future studies should explore the improvement of clinical outcome in response to timely interventions

Trends in the Levels of Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins and the Prevalence of Dyslipidemia in Adults with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in the Southwest Chinese Han Population during 2003–2012

Objective. To determine the trends of serum lipid levels and dyslipidemia in adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus during 2003–2012 in Southwest China. Methods. Serum lipid measurements of 994 adults were obtained from 5 independent, cross-sectional studies (2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012). The main outcome measures were mean serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; body mass index; hemoglobin A1C level; and the percentages of patients with dyslipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Results. The mean total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased from 4.92 ± 1.15 to 5.30 ± 1.17 mmol/L (P = 0.039) and 2.72 ± 0.83 to 3.11 ± 1.09 mmol/L (P = 0.004), respectively, and the mean HDL cholesterol level declined from 1.22 ± 0.30 to 1.06 ± 0.24 mmol/L (P < 0.001). The percentages of patients with dyslipidemia increased gradually. The incidence of coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases increased from 8.2% to 19.1% and 6.6% to 15.3%, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Unfavorable upward trends were observed in serum lipid levels and the prevalence of dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease in adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southwest China during 2003–2012

Association between Serum Cystatin C and Diabetic Foot Ulceration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Serum cystatin C (CysC) has been identified as a possible potential biomarker in a variety of diabetic complications, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy and peripheral artery disease. We aimed to examine the association between CysC and diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). 411 patients with T2D were enrolled in this cross-sectional study at a university hospital. Clinical manifestations and biochemical parameters were compared between DFU group and non-DFU group. The association between serum CysC and DFU was explored by binary logistic regression analysis. The cut point of CysC for DFU was also evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The prevalence of coronary artery disease, diabetic nephropathy (DN), and DFU dramatically increased with CysC (P<0.01) in CysC quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the significant risk factors for DFU were serum CysC, coronary artery disease, hypertension, insulin use, the differences between supine and sitting TcPO2, and hypertension. ROC curve analysis revealed that the cut point of CysC for DFU was 0.735 mg/L. Serum CysC levels correlated with DFU and severity of tissue loss. Our study results indicated that serum CysC was associated with a high prevalence of DFU in Chinese T2D subjects

Effects of Short-Term Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion on Fasting Plasma Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

To investigate the effects of short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on plasma fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) levels in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM).Sixty-eight patients with nT2DM (nT2DM group), and 52 gender-, age- and body mass index (BMI) -matched normal glucose tolerance (NGT group) controls participated in the study. 30 nT2DM patients with FBG≥14.0 mmol/L were treated with CSII for 2 weeks, and were underwent a euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp pre- and post-treatment. Plasma FGF-21 concentrations were measured with a commercial ELISA kit. The relationship between plasma FGF-21 levels and metabolic parameters was also analyzed.<0.05), accompanied by a significant increase in the whole body glucose uptake (M value) and blood glucose control. The changes in plasma FGF-21 levels (ΔFGF-21) were positively associated with the amelioration of insulin resistance shown by the changes in M value.Plasma FGF-21 level is associated with whole body insulin sensitivity and significantly reduced following short-term CSII treatment

Elevated circulating GPHB5 levels in women with insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study and multiple intervention studies

ObjectiveGPHB5 has been found to be associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in animal studies. However, the association of GPHB5 with IR and metabolic disorders remains unknown, and there is a lack of research in humans. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationship between circulating GPHB5 and metabolic disorders in humans.MethodsBioinformatics analysis was performed to understand the relationship between GPHB5 and metabolic disorders. GPHB5 mRNA expression in mice and rats was determined using RT-qPCR. Circulating GPHB5 concentrations were measured with an ELISA kit. EHC and OGTT were performed in humans.ResultsBioinformatics analysis shows that GPHB5 is associated with metabolic disorders and PCOS. GPHB5 mRNA expression levels in the metabolic-related tissues of HFD-fed mice, db/db and ob/ob mice, and PCOS rats were significantly higher than those of WT mice or rats. In human studies, we find that circulating GPHB5 levels were significantly higher in women with IR and PCOS. GPHB5 levels were positively correlated with age, BMI, WHR, BP, FBG, 2 h-BG, FIns, 2 h-Ins, TC, LDL-C, HbA1c, and FFA, but negatively correlated with adiponectin. Furthermore, GPHB5 was positively correlated with DHEAS and FAI, while negatively correlated with SHBG, FSH, SHBG and FSH. The increased GPHB5 concentration was related to IR and PCOS. After the treatment of metformin, GLP-1RA (Lira), and TZDs, circulating GPHB5 levels were decreased.ConclusionsOur results reveal that circulating GPHB5 could be a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for IR and PCOS in women