Automating the audit of electronic invoices with a soft robot

Taiwan's Chi Mei Medical Center has completed four challenges mentioned in published robotic process automation (RPA) studies including automating a dynamic process, designing feasible human-robot collaboration, incorporating other emerging technologies, and bringing positive business impacts. Its executives called a committee to implement the electronic invoicing. This implementation includes the creation of a software robot to download automatically cloud electronic invoice (E-invoice) data from Taiwan's E-invoice platform and detect the inconsistency between them and on-premise data. This bot operates when internal auditors are off their office. They satisfied this software robot since the remaining work is only verifying the resulting inconsistency. The Chi Mei Medical Center measured the time and costs before and after adopting software robots to audit E-invoice; consequently, it welcomed more bots automating other business processes. In conclusion, integrating a software robot with other emerging technologies mitigates the possible errors provided by this bot. A good human-robot collaboration relies on the consideration of human perspective in choosing RPA tasks. Free bot creators are sufficient to verify that automating a business process using a bot is a reasonable investment.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Hydrothermal–galvanic couple synthesis of directionally oriented BaTiO3 thin films on TiN-coated substrates

AbstractBaTiO3 films were synthesized on TiN-coated Si substrate below 100°C by a hydrothermal–galvanic couple technique in barium contained alkaline solutions. X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction results show that the BaTiO3 thin films were directionally oriented grown on the TiN/Si substrates, i.e., (111) BaTiO3 over (111) TiN. The surface morphologies revealed that BaTiO3 nucleated and grew over the TiN surface with a single layer. From kinetic analyses, the growth rates of BaTiO3 films prepared by the hydrothermal–galvanic couple technique were faster than a hydrothermal method. The galvanic effects were confirmed by investigating the induced currents and energies. The galvanic currents were generated and controlled by both the dissolution of TiN and the formation of BaTiO3. The output electric energies increased rapidly with the reaction time and leveled off at the full coverage of BaTiO3

Lowly Expressed Ribosomal Protein S19 in the Feces of Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the most common fatal cancers. CRC tumorigenesis is a complex process involving multiple genetic changes to several sequential mutations or molecular alterations. P53 is one of the most significant genes; its mutations account for more than half of all CRC. Therefore, understanding the cellular genes that are directly or indirectly related to p53 is particularly crucial for investigating CRC tumorigenesis. In this study, a p53-related ribosomal protein, ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19), obtained from the feces of CRC patients is evaluated by using specifically quantitative real-time PCR and knocked down in the colonic cell line by gene silencing. This study found that CRC patients with higher expressions of RPS19 in their feces had a better prognosis and consistent expressions of RPS19 and BAX in their colonic cells. In conclusion, the potential mechanism of RPS19 in CRC possibly involves cellular apoptosis through the BAX/p53 pathway, and the levels of fecal RPS19 may function as a prognostic predictor for CRC patients

Kondo coherence versus superradiance in THz radiation-driven heavy-fermion systems

In strongly correlated systems such as heavy-fermion materials, the coherent superposition of localized and mobile spin states leads to the formation of Kondo resonant states, which on a dense, periodic array of Kondo ions develop lattice coherence. Characteristically, these quantum-coherent superposition states respond to a terahertz (THz) excitation by a delayed THz pulse on the scale of the material's Kondo energy scale and, hence, independent of the pump-light intensity. However, delayed response is also typical for superradiance in an ensemble of excited atoms. In this case, quantum coherence is established by the coupling to an external, electromagnetic mode and, hence, dependent on the pump-light intensity. In the present work, we investigate the physical origin of the delayed pulse, i.e., inherent, correlation-induced versus light-induced coherence, in the prototypical heavy-fermion compound CeCu_5.9Au_0.1. We study the delay, duration and amplitude of the THz pulse at various temperatures in dependence on the electric-field strength of the incident THz excitation, ranging from 0.3 to 15.2 kV/cm. We observe a robust delayed response at approximately 6 ps with an amplitude proportional to the amplitude of the incident THz wave. This is consistent with theoretical expectation for the Kondo-like coherence and thus provides compelling evidence for the dominance of condensed-matter versus optical coherence in the heavy-fermion compound.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Terahertz conductivity of heavy-fermion systems from time-resolved spectroscopy

The Drude model describes the free-electron conduction in simple metals, governed by the freedom thatthe mobile electrons have within the material. In strongly correlated systems, however, a significant deviationof the optical conductivity from the simple metallic Drude behavior is observed. Here, we investigate theoptical conductivity of the heavy-fermion system CeCu6−xAux, using time-resolved, phase-sensitive terahertzspectroscopy. The terahertz electric field creates two types of excitations in heavy-fermion materials: First,the intraband excitations that leave the heavy quasiparticles intact. Second, the resonant interband transitionsbetween the heavy and light parts of the hybridized conduction band that break the Kondo singlet. We find that theKondo-singlet-breaking interband transitions do not create a Drude peak, while the Kondo-retaining intrabandexcitations yield the expected Drude response. This makes it possible to separate these two fundamentallydifferent correlated contributions to the optical conductivity

Terahertz Conductivity of Heavy-fermion Systems from Time-resolved Spectroscopy

The Drude model describes the free-electron conduction in simple metals, governed by the freedom that the mobile electrons have within the material. In strongly correlated systems, however, a significant deviation of the optical conductivity from the simple metallic Drude behavior is observed. Here, we investigate the optical conductivity of the heavy-fermion system CeCu$_{\mathrm{6-x}}$Au$_{\mathrm{x}}$, using time-resolved, phase-sensitive terahertz spectroscopy. Terahertz electric field creates two types of excitations in heavy-fermion materials: First, the intraband excitations that leave the heavy quasiparticles intact. Second, the resonant interband transitions between the heavy and light parts of the hybridized conduction band that break the Kondo singlet. We find that the Kondo-singlet breaking interband transitions do not create a Drude peak, while the Kondo-retaining intraband excitations yield the expected Drude response; thus, making it possible to separate these two fundamentally different correlated contributions to the optical conductivity.Comment: Published version. $\omega/T$ scaling analysis and appendix added. 12 pages, 10 figure