Hall-petch relationship and strain rate sensitivity of nanocrystalline Mg - 5wt% A1 alloy

This study investigated the grain size dependence of mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of microcrystalline (mc) and nanocrystalline (nc: grain size below 100 nm) Mg-5wt% Al alloys. The Hall-Petch relationship was investigated by both instrumented indentation tests and compression tests. The test results from the indentation tests and compression tests match well with each other. The breakdown of Hall-Petch relationship and the elevated strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of present Mg-5wt% Al alloys when the grain size was reduced below 58nm indicated the more significant role of GB mediated mechanisms in plastic deformation process. However, the relatively smaller SRS values compared to GB sliding and coble creep process suggested the plastic deformation in the current study is still dislocation mediated mechanism dominant

N′-(3-Eth­oxy-2-hydroxy­benzyl­idene)-3-hydroxy­naphthalene-2-carbohydrazide

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C20H18N2O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthyl ring system is 8.5 (2)°. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked through inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains running along the b axis

Characterization of anti-leukemia components from Indigo naturalis using comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatography and in silico target identification.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been developed for thousands of years and has formed an integrated theoretical system based on a large amount of clinical practice. However, essential ingredients in TCM herbs have not been fully identified, and their precise mechanisms and targets are not elucidated. In this study, a new strategy combining comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatographic system and in silico target identification was established to characterize active components from Indigo naturalis, a famous TCM herb that has been widely used for the treatment of leukemia in China, and their targets. Three active components, indirubin, tryptanthrin and isorhamnetin, were successfully characterized and their anti-leukemia effects were validated by cell viability and cell apoptosis assays. Isorhamnetin, with undefined cancer related targets, was selected for in silico target identification. Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (Src) was identified as its membrane target and the dissociation constant (Kd) between Src and isorhamnetin was 3.81 μM. Furthermore, anti-leukemia effects of isorhamnetin were mediated by Src through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest. The results demonstrated that the integrated strategy could efficiently characterize active components in TCM and their targets, which may bring a new light for a better understanding of the complex mechanism of herbal medicines

3-(3,4-Dichloro­phen­yl)-1-(2-naphth­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H12Cl2O, contains four independent mol­ecules, which can be divided into two pairs of mol­ecules with close values of the C—C(=O)—C=C torsion angles in each pair, viz. 165.12 (16) and 165.68 (15)° in one pair, and −164.66 (15) and −164.81 (15)° in the other pair. The crystal packing exhibits short inter­molecular Cl⋯Cl contacts of 3.362 (1) Å

The Biological Behaviors of Rat Dermal Fibroblasts Can Be Inhibited by High Levels of MMP9

Aims. To explore the effects of the high expression of MMP9 on biological behaviors of fibroblasts. Methods. High glucose and hyperhomocysteine were used to induce MMP9 expression in skin fibroblasts. Cell proliferation was detected by flow cytometry and cell viability by CCK-8. ELISA assay was used to detect collagen (hydroxyproline) secretion. Scratch test was employed to evaluate horizontal migration of cells and transwell method to evaluate vertical migration of cells. Results. The mRNA and protein expressions of MMP9 and its protease activity were significantly higher in cells treated with high glucose and hyperhomocysteine than those in control group. At the same time, the S-phase cell ratio, proliferation index, cell viability, collagen (hydroxyproline) secretion, horizontal migration rate, and the number of vertical migration cells decreased in high-glucose and hyperhomocysteine-treated group. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1), which inhibits the activity of MMP9, recovered the above biological behaviors. Conclusions. High expression of MMP9 in skin fibroblasts could be induced by cultureing in high glucose and hyperhomocysteine medium, which inhibited cell biological behaviors. Inhibitions could be reversed by TIMP1. The findings suggested that MMP9 deters the healing of diabetic foot ulcers by inhibiting the biological behaviors of fibroblasts

1,2-Bis(2,4,6-trinitro­phen­yl)ethane

The title compound, C14H8N6O12, is centrosymmetric, the mid-point of the central C—C bond being located on an inversion centre. Two of the three independent nitro groups are disordered over two sites, with a site-occupancy ratio of 0.513 (3):0.487 (3). Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure