Estimation of extracellular lipase enzyme produced by thermophilic bacillus sp. isolated from arid and semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India

Thermophilic organisms can be defined as microorganisms which are adapted to live at high temperatures. The enzymes produce by thermophilic bacteria are capable of catalyzing biochemical reactions at high temperatures. Thermophilic bacteria are able to produce thermostable lipase enzymes capable of degradation of lipid at temperatures higher than those of mesophilic bacteria. Therefore, the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from natural sources and their identification are quite useful in terms of discovering thermophilic lipase enzymes. Due to great temperature fluctuation in hot arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, this area could serve as a good source for new thermophilic lipase producing bacteria with novel industrially important properties. The main objective of this research is the isolation and estimation of industrially important thermophilic lipase enzyme produced by thermophilic bacteria, isolated from arid and semi-arid region of Rajasthan. For this research purpose, soil samples were collected from Churu, Sikar and Jhunjunu regions of Rajasthan. A total of 16 bacterial strains were isolated, and among these bacterial isolates only two thermophilic lipase producing bacteria were identified. The thermophilic lipase enzyme was estimated by qualitative and quantitative experiments. The isolate was identified as Bacillus sp. by microscopic, biochemical and molecular characterization. The optimum enzyme activity was observed at pH 8, temperature 60°C and 5% salt concentration at 24 hrs time duration. Lipases are useful in a variety of biotechnological fields such as food and dairy (cheese ripening, flavour development), detergent, pharmaceutical (naproxen, ibuprofen), agrochemical (insecticide, pesticide) and oleochemical (fat and oil hydrolysis, biosurfactant synthesis) industries. Lipases can be further used in many newer areas where they can serve as potential biocatalysts. 
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COMPARISION OF EFFECT ON THE POTENCY OF BACITRACIN SECRETED BY BACILLUS PUMILUS, BACILLUS SUBTILIS AND BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS MUTATED BY ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND HEAVY METALS *Corresponding Author

Present study is carried out to show a comparison of the potency check of Bacitracin produced by Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis treated with the Ultra Violet radiation and heavy metals. These microbes were isolated from the Sewage Treatment plant of MUST residential campus, Lakshmangarh, Sikar. Molecular identification of isolates was done by DNA isolation, PCR amplification using 16s rDNA primer and partial sequencing of purified product after sequencing. Sequences were submitted in NCBI with designated accession no. There is growing awareness of the need for development of new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of human, animal and plant diseases. A special fermentation media, given by Hanlon & Hodges, was used for the production of Bacitracin. Micrococcus luteus was used as a test organism. Zones of inhibition were observed of both wild and mutant strains. A standard Zinc Bacitracin (70 IU/ml) was taken for calculating potency of the sample Bacitracin. The potency of antibiotic Bacitracin (IU/ml) was determined by agar diffusion method given by William. Results indicated that the potency was highest of B.subtilis and least by B.licheniformis. This study is made to use native or indigenous micro flora for bioremediation which is useful and beneficial rather than commercial inoculum. Bacillus itself will be enough for the biodegradation of the complex molecules. Copy Right, IJAR, 2014,. All rights reserved