Visualization Investigation on the Marine Data with Multivariate Statistical Analysis Methods

Marine information is an important way for us to know and study more about the ocean. Marine data makes the basic of marine information. Because of the huge quantity and diversity of marine data, and at the same time marine data is polyatomic variable, we start with statistical analysis methods to search for the regularity of the marine data. On one hand, we get the aggregate variation functions of the marine data by factor analyzing in aspect of the spatiality. Then we visually describe the marine status of the studied sea area with pre variogram function and post variogram function. On the other hand, we used cluster analysis method to get the verifying rule in time and make visible graphs of the marine data. In this way, we can also supply with the suggestions in classifying the sea seawater quality. The data processing result shows that the suggested methods in this article are both operable and effective. At the same time some reasonable suggestions are given in the article

Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-nafion/Au Nanoparticle Modified Electrode for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing

n this paper, a non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor, based on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) electrodepos‐ ited on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide(ER‐ GO)-Nafion modified glass carbon electrode (GCE), was reported. The graphene oxide-(GO-)Nafion nanocompo‐ sites were first assembled on the GCE surface to produce a GO-Nafion electrode. GO was then electrochemically reduced to produce an ERGO-Nafion modified GCE (to be subsequently denoted as GCE/ERGO-Nafion). Afterwards, AuNPs were electrodeposited on the modified GCE to form a GCE/ERGO-Nafion/AuNPs electrode. The ERGO-Nafion nanocomposites and the electrodeposited AuNPs were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the GO was reduced successfully and the AuNPs were uniformly dispersed on the GCE/ERGO-Nafion electrode with a size of about 48nm. The cyclic voltammograms and the am‐ perometric method were used to evaluate the electrocata‐ lytic properties of the GCE/ERGO-Nafion/AuNPs electrode. The results showed that the modified electrode displayed good electrocatalytic activity in relation to the reduction of H2O2 with a detection limit of 2 μM of (H2O2) based on a signal-to-noise ratio of three. The sensor also indicated great sensitivity (574.8 μA/(mM cm2)), wide linear range (0.02-23 mM), good selectivity and reproduci‐ bility, and long-term stability

Study on the Influencing Factors of CO2 from the Perspective of CO2 Mitigation Potentials

As the world pays more attention to carbon reduction, it is of great significance to identify the factors of CO2 to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals for China. Therefore, this paper explores the factors of CO2 from the perspective of CO2 mitigation potentials (CESP) and analyzes the heterogeneity of each factor. We first employ the DEA-IDA model framework to analyze the CESP and influencing factors of each region, and then use geographically and temporally weighted regress to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of influencing factors, the efficiency, coal proportion, energy intensity, per capita GDP, urbanization rate, electrification rate, trade, economic structure, and climate conditions. The research results show that: (1) for 1 unit increase in per capita CO2, the per capita CESP increases by 0.56 units. The CESP of the central and western regions is greater than that of the eastern regions, and the improvement of resource utilization efficiency can achieve the peak in advance. (2) Per capita GDP and energy intensity are the main positive factor and negative factor, respectively, and the impact of efficiency changes on CESP is mostly positive. (3) Efficiency is the most influential factor affecting the CESP; among them, a 1% increase in efficiency in Hebei can reduce the CESP of 62.47 Mt. In regions dominated by clean power, the impact of electrification rates is negative. The rest of the factors also showed spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Our findings have important policy implications, especially in how to effectively reduce carbon emissions to formulate more appropriate policy

Carbonaceous microsphere/nanofiber composite superhydrophilic membrane with enhanced anti-adhesion property towards oil and anionic surfactant: Membrane fabrication and applications

Fouling issue is the key obstacle that limited the practical applications of superwetting oil/water separation membrane. Dispersed oil phase and soluble surfactants in the emulsion are the primary foulants during separation of oil/water mixtures. Therefore, developing membranes with anti-adhesion property towards both dispersed phase and surfactant is of great importance. In this study, a superhydrophilic, underwater super-oleophobic composite membrane with excellent antifouling property for separating oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by anionic surfactants was fabricated. Briefly, carboxylated carbonaceous microspheres were synthesized and loaded on nanofibrous membrane through a facile hydrothermal strategy. Acrylic acid was introduced to the hydrothermal process to manipulate the surface charge of carbonaceous microspheres. The fabricated membrane showed excellent anti-adhesion property towards dispersed phase (toluene) due to the improved surface wettability and hydration property. Underwater oil contact angle was up to 160 +/- 1 degrees (e.g., M8-2 membrane). Meanwhile, the fabricated membrane exhibited excellent anti-adhesion performance for oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by anionic surfactants (e.g. sodium laurylsulfonate) due to electrostatic repulsion. Therefore, the membrane can maintain the permeability as high as 41,020 +/- 805 L m(-2) h(-1) bar(-1) even after ten times of usage. The construction strategy and the antifouling analysis presented in the current study may give more opportunities for the understanding of superwetting oil/water separation process

Study on the Influencing Factors of CO₂ from the Perspective of CO₂ Mitigation Potentials

As the world pays more attention to carbon reduction, it is of great significance to identify the factors of CO2 to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals for China. Therefore, this paper explores the factors of CO2 from the perspective of CO2 mitigation potentials (CESP) and analyzes the heterogeneity of each factor. We first employ the DEA-IDA model framework to analyze the CESP and influencing factors of each region, and then use geographically and temporally weighted regress to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of influencing factors, the efficiency, coal proportion, energy intensity, per capita GDP, urbanization rate, electrification rate, trade, economic structure, and climate conditions. The research results show that: (1) for 1 unit increase in per capita CO2, the per capita CESP increases by 0.56 units. The CESP of the central and western regions is greater than that of the eastern regions, and the improvement of resource utilization efficiency can achieve the peak in advance. (2) Per capita GDP and energy intensity are the main positive factor and negative factor, respectively, and the impact of efficiency changes on CESP is mostly positive. (3) Efficiency is the most influential factor affecting the CESP; among them, a 1% increase in efficiency in Hebei can reduce the CESP of 62.47 Mt. In regions dominated by clean power, the impact of electrification rates is negative. The rest of the factors also showed spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Our findings have important policy implications, especially in how to effectively reduce carbon emissions to formulate more appropriate policy

Flexible, Temperature-Resistant, and Fatigue-Free Ferroelectric Memory Based on Bi(Fe0.93Mn0.05Ti0.02)O3 Thin Film

A recent hot-spot topic forflexible and wearable devices involves high-performance nonvolatile ferroelectric memories operating under compressive or tensilemechanical deformations. This work presents the direct fabrication of aflexible(Mn,Ti)-codoped multiferroic BiFeO3film capacitor with Pt bottom and Au topelectrodes on mica substrate. The fabricated polycrystalline Bi(Fe0.93Mn0.05Ti0.02)O3film on mica exhibits superior ferroelectric switching behavior with robust saturatedpolarization (Ps∼93μC/cm2) and remanent polarization (Pr∼66μC/cm2) andexcellent frequency stability (1−50 kHz) and temperature resistance (25−200°C), aswell as reliable long-lifetime operation. More saliently, it can be safely bent to a smallradius of curvature, as low as 2 mm, or go through repeated compressive/tensilemechanicalflexing for 103bending times at 4 mm radius without any obviousdeterioration in polarization, retention time at 105s, or fatigue resistance after 109switching cycles. Thesefindings demonstrate a novel route to designingflexible BiFeO3-based ferroelectric memories forinformation storage and data processing, with promising applications in next-generation smart electronic