Urinary Complications Among Patients With Anorectal Malformation Seen At Gezira National Center Of Pediatric Surgery-Sudan

Background: Anorectal malformation (ARM) is a spectrum of structural congenital defects involving the anorectum and variable segments of the urogenital system in boys and girls, incidence occurs in 1 in 5000 births, The malformations range from skin level defects such as rectoperineal fistulas to complex lesions such as persistent cloaca. Urological anomalies are frequently seen in patients with anorectal malformations and can result in upper urinary tract deterioration. Patients and methods: This study is a retrospective, descriptive, cross-secional hospital based study Conducted at Gezira national center for pediatric surgery in Sudan, from february2016 to Jan 2018, The study sample included (93 cases). the study was conducted in patients with anorectal malformation, data was collected using a questionnaire, data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 93 ARM patients where studied, 49 males and 44 females, overall urinary anomalies were 31.2% in patients of anorectal malformation, vesicoureteric reflux 12.9% was most common urinary anomaly only one  needed surgery. hydronephrosis 10.8%, polycystic kidney 4.3%, solitary kidney 3.2% .the most common urinary complications  recurrent urinary tract infection 18.3%, stone formation 8.6%, urinary incontinence 6.5%, urethral stricture 3.2%. Conclusion:Urinary anomalies in patients with complex ARM are more severe than in patients with less complex ARM. Ultrasonography of the urinary tract should be performed in all patients. Voiding cystourethrography can be reserved for patients with dilated upper urinary tracts, urinary tract infections or lumbosacral and spinal abnormalities. All patients with complex ARM need urodynamic investigations. When using these indications, the screening for urological anomalies in ARM patients can be optimized with long-term follow-up in selected patients

A policy analysis of curative health service delivery in North Darfur state, Sudan.

Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2012.This thesis analyses the policy of curative health service delivery in North Darfur State, Sudan. Several authors have analyzed health service delivery issues, mainly focusing on controlling the spread of common diseases. No work has been done that focuses on the health policy aspect and its contribution to improving curative health service delivery, especially in areas affected by conflict since 2003. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the nature and the evolution of health service delivery systems management, as well as policy implementation, thereby widening the discussion about the further projections of this field of study. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate how to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of curative health service delivery systems management, as well as policy implementation, in fostering socio-economic development in North Darfur State. The study focuses on how the national health system and national health policy of Sudan have been managed and implemented in North Darfur State. This thesis identifies the different health sectors, public, private and international NGOs, that provide curative health services in North Darfur State, and the difficulties that have been facing the population in accessing these health facilities. Investigations showed that curative health services are not adequate in the public sector, and that they are very expensive in the private sector. The exception is the NGO sector but it is not guaranteed to be sustainable in providing curative health services to poor and conflict-affected people. This thesis also identifies the mechanisms of health system management and policy implementation, by means of co-ordination and collaboration between the various government sectors, federal, state and district, in a decentralized system working in concert with international NGOs. The results show that there is poor co-ordination between the three levels of government, especially at district level, as well as poor collaboration between government and international NGOs, caused by government‟s lack of human and financial capacity. The potential for improvement in curative health service delivery are explored, particularly at district level. This is essential so that quality curative health services can be delivered to the population, thereby contributing to socio-economic development in North Darfur State

SysBiolPGWAS: Simplifying post-GWAS analysis through the use of computational technologies and integration of diverse omics datasets

Post-genome-wide association studies (pGWAS) analysis is designed to decipher the functional consequences of significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the era of GWAS. This can be translated into research insights and clinical benefits such as the effectiveness of strategies for disease screening, treatment and prevention. However, the setup of pGWAS (pGWAS) tools can be quite complicated, and it mostly requires big data. The challenge however is, scientists are required to have sufficient experience with several of these technically complex and complicated tools in order to complete the pGWAS analysis. We present SysBiolPGWAS, a pGWAS web application that provides a comprehensive functionality for biologists and non-bioinformaticians to conduct several pGWAS analyses to overcome the above challenges. It provides unique functionalities for analysis involving multi-omics datasets and visualization using various bioinformatics tools. SysBiolPGWAS provides access to individual pGWAS tools and a novel custom pGWAS pipeline that integrates several individual pGWAS tools and data. The SysBiolPGWAS app was developed to be a one-stop shop for pGWAS analysis. It targets researchers in the area of the human genome and performs its analysis mainly in the autosomal chromosomes

Maternal serum iron status, hepcidin and interleukin-6 levels in women with preeclampsia

Introduction: Preeclampsia can lead to a number of adverse maternal and perinatal effects. The association between iron status [serum iron, ferritin and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)], unsaturated iron-binding capacity, hepcidin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and preeclampsia is not fully understood.Objective: To assess the levels of iron status, hepcidin and interleukin-6 in women with preeclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women.Method: A case-control study (60 women were recruited in each group) was conducted at Saad Abuelela Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. Sociodemographic and clinical data were gathered through a questionnaire. The levels of iron status, hepcidin and IL-6 were measured using applicable methods.Results: There was no significant difference in the median [interquartile range (IQR)] of age, parity or body mass index between the two groups. Moreover, the median (IQR) of the iron status, hepcidin and interleukin-6 did not differ between women with preeclampsia and healthy controls. There were no significant correlations between haemoglobin, hepcidin and IL-6. There were also no significant correlations between serum iron, serum ferritin, hepcidin and IL-6. However, there was a significant positive correlation between hepcidin and IL-6 (r = 0.393, p = 0.002).Conclusion: In this study, women with preeclampsia had levels of iron status, hepcidin and IL-6 similar to those observed in healthy pregnant women. There was no significant correlation between iron status, hepcidin and IL-6

DJELOVANJE UMJETNIH GNOJIVA NA KEMIJSKU ANALIZU I SASTAV AMINOKISELINA I MASNIH KISELINA SUDANSKOG GENOTIPA SOJE

The impact of fertilizer on chemical analysis, amino acid and fatty acid composition of soybean (Glycine max L merril) Sudanese local genotype was studied. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons (2009-2010 and 2010-2011) on the demonstration farm of the College of Agricultural studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology at Shambat. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The fertilizer treatments consisted of three types: Urea (180 kg/ha), NP (361kg/ha), compost (1904.76 kg/ha) and then control. The results showed that fertilizer treatments had no significant difference in proximate analysis of soybean seeds except in fibber. In fatty acid, control and nitrogen treatments gave the highest percentage of palmitic acid. NP and compost gave highest effect in linoleic acid and compost gave highest effect in polyunsaturated fatty acids. As general compost treatment gave the lowest effect in all amino acids and the highest effect in minerals. Control gave the highest effect in all amino acids. The application of nitrogen, NP and compost fertilizers for soybean significantly increased number of seeds/plant, weight of seedsplant and seeds yield. The results also showed that urea fertilizer increased protein and ash content, while NP increased oil and carbohydrate contents. Compost increased all the minerals, but there was no effect on fatty and amino acid composition.Istraživano je djelovanje umjetnog gnojiva na kemijsku analizu, sastav amino kiselina i masnih kiselina soje (Glycine max L.merril) lokalnog sudanskog genotipa. Proveden je terenski pokus tijekom dvije uzastopne sezone (2009. – 2010. i 2010. -2011.) na oglednoj farmi Visoke poljoprivredne škole Sudanskog Sveučilišta znanosti i tehnologije u Shambatu. Pokus je postavljen u slučajnom potpunom bloku u četiri ponavljanja. Tretmani s umjetnim gnojivom sastojali su se od tri tipa: Urea (180 kg/ha), NP (361 kg/ha) i kompost (1904,76 kg/ha) te kontrola. Rezultati su pokazali da se tretiranje umjetnim gnojivom nije značajno razlikovalo u neposrednoj analizi sjemena soje osim u vlaknu. U masnoj kiselini, kontroli i tretmanu s dušikom dobiven je najviši postotak palminske kiseline. NP i kompost imali su najveći učinak u polunezasićenim masnim kiselinama. Općenito, tretman s kompostom imao je najslabiji učinak u svim aminokiselinama, a najviši učinak u mineralima. Kontrola je pokazala najviši učinak u svim aminokiselinama. Primjena dušika, NP i komposta značajno je povećala broj sjemenki po biljci, težinu sjemenki po biljci i prinos sjemena. Rezultati su također pokazali da je urea kao gnojivo povećala sadržaj dušika i pepela dok je NP povećao sadržaj ulja i ugljikohidrata. Kompost je povećao sve minerale ali nije djelovao na sastav amino i masnih kiselina

Image splicing forgery approachs: A review and future direction

With advances in image editing tools, attempts have been made to modify images, the altered image cannot be distinguished. This paper examines various approaches to image splicing forgery, discusses the weakness of methods, analyse the existing methods, and discusses the current solution to solve those issues, and future direction. This paper presents existing datasets, pre-processing techniques, feature extraction techniques, and classification algorithms that have been used in image splicing. This paper suggests some recommendations for future research which focuses on image localization, pre-processing, and feature extraction to improve accuracy in detecting image splicing forgery

Personalizing medicine in Africa: current state, progress and challenges

Personalized medicine has been identified as a powerful tool for addressing the myriad of health issues facing different health systems globally. Although recent studies have expanded our understanding of how different factors such as genetics and the environment play significant roles in affecting the health of individuals, there are still several other issues affecting their translation into personalizing health interventions globally. Since African populations have demonstrated huge genetic diversity, there is a significant need to apply the concepts of personalized medicine to overcome various African-specific health challenges. Thus, we review the current state, progress, and challenges facing the adoption of personalized medicine in Africa with a view to providing insights to critical stakeholders on the right approach to deploy

Deep Learning-Based Technique for Sign Language Detection

Sign languages are a form of communication used by the deaf and hard-of-hearing community. Malay Sign Language (MSL) is the official sign language practiced in Malaysia, enabling communication through hand signs and facial expressions. Each sign and its combination hold a distinct meaning, making it challenging for individuals to casually learn MLS. Therefore, this study presents an object detection model that utilizes the Single Shot Detector (SSD) and Mobilenet to detect MLS in real time. The model focuses solely on detecting static signs that do not involve complex combinations. The datasets used for training consist of 2000 sign images collected from Kaggle website, as well as images captured using a personal camera. The datasets were divided into training, validation, and testing phases in an 80:10:10 ratio, respectively. In conclusion, this study successfully developed a real-time and accurate system for recognizing MSL using the SSD-Mobilenet model. This contribution has significant implications for the field of sign language recognition and can greatly improve communication access for individuals who are deaf or hard-of-hearing

Migration behaviour of selenium implanted into polycrystalline 3C–SiC

Please read abstract in the article.The National Research Foundation and The World Academy of Science.http://www.journals.elsevier.com/vacuum2021-05-01hj2020Physic