Differences in the drought stress response of DREB2 and CAT1 genes and evaluation of related physiological parameters in some bread wheat cultivars

Abiotic stresses such as drought are among the most significant environmental stress causes in economically important crop plants including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and improving their yield is a major goal of plant breeding. In this study, we analysed expression of dehydration responsive element binding factor (DREB2), and an important antioxidant enzyme gene CAT1 in flag leaf of three bread wheat cultivars named Kavir, Kalheydari and Shahpasand under drought stress by RT-qPCR. In another section, physiological parameters including catalase enzyme (EC 1.11.1.6), relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content (a,b and total) were analysed. The cultivars were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in normal and drought stress conditions on experimental field in 2013. Differential expression patterns of the genes DREB2 and CAT1 were observed in cultivars. The observed trend was the high induction in the expression of genes under drought stress. The expression of DREB2 was more than CAT1 in drought stress. The relative genes expression showed significant correlation with the catalase, RWC and chlorophyll b. Under drought stress, Kavir had higher expression of DREB2 and CAT1, activity of catalase, RWC, chlorophyll content (a, b and total) than the other cultivars. According to increasing of drought tolerance through the expression of these genes, it can be concluded that transferring of these genes may enhance drought tolerance in high-yield wheat cultivars

Ethanolic extract of propolis from Kerman area triggers apoptosis and arrests cell cycle in three human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, SKBR and MCF-7

Background: Cancer is one of the major health problems worldwide and natural resources are being explored to develop anticancer drugs with fewer side effects. Iranian propolis contains components including favonoids and polyphenols and has various medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ethanolic Extract of Sirch Propolis (EESP) on three breast cancer cell lines. Methods: The MDA-MB-231, SKBR-3 and MCF-7 cells were treated for 24 and 48 h at the presence of 1 and 10 fetal bovine serum (FBS) concentration. MTT, BrdU and flow cytometry assays were used for measuring cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results: The highest cytotoxicity was seen on MDA-MB-231 cell at the presence of 1 and 10 FBS respectively following 48 h treatment. BrdU assay showed that treatment with 200 ug/ mL ofEESP at the presence of 1 FBS for 48 h, reduced proliferation ofMDA-MB-231 cell to 75 and that of MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells to 70 and 60 respectively. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that EESP at 200 ug/mL for 48h, induced G0/G1 phase arrest in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells and G2/M, S phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cell. The cytotoxic effects of EESP were primarily found to be due to the induction of early stage apoptosis on SKBR-3 cell and early and late stage apoptosis on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that EESP is a natural anticancer mixture capable of reducing breast cancer cells proliferation and inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in them. © 2020, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Oxidative Stress Tolerance by Calcium and Histidine in Two Tomato Cultivars Under Nickel Stress

We investigated calcium (Ca) and L-histidine (His) interaction on nickel (Ni)-induced oxidative stress tolerance in two tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) cultivars including Cal-J N3 and Petoearly CH. CaCl2 (0 and 300 µM) and L-histidine (0 and 300 µM) effects on the oxidative responses in these cultivars cultured were compared in the hydroponic media under Ni stress (NiSO4; 0,150 and 300 µM). The activities of antioxidative enzymes including catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total content of proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), other aldehydes, H2O2, Ca2+, Ni2+, ascorbate (ASC), dehydroascorbate (DHA) and electrolytes leakage (EL) were determined. The obtained results indicated that the application of Ca and His generally reduced oxidative markers such as the contents of EL, H2O2, MDA and activity of CAT as well as the Ni2+content of root and shoot organs under nickel toxicity, while application of Ni treatment without Ca+His increased these oxidative parameters and accumulation of Ni2+, compared to the control. Applying Ni without Ca and His has resulted in reduction of GPX, APX and SOD activities as well as concentrations of root and shoot Ca2+and ASC in the two mentioned cultivars. Application of Ca and His lead to the elevated contents of Ca2+ and ASC, increased activities of GPX, APX and SOD as well as inhibition of Ni2+ accumulation differently in both cultivars. Ca and His also alleviated the adverse effects of Ni stress on the selected investigated parameters especially in Petoearly CH cultivar. Thus, interaction of Ca and His appeared to improve adaptive responses to Ni stress leading to decreasing Ni-induced oxidative stress in the tomato plants. Therefore, our results suggest that Ca+His alleviated nickel-induced oxidative stress by uptake and inhibition of translocation of Ni2+ plus Ni chelating mechanism improvement in the tomato cultivars

Estimation of the Heterosis Effect and Comparison of Growth Curves for Body Weight Trait in Crosses between Two Selected Lines in Japanese Quail

In the current study, two line with short-term divergent selection for high weight (HW) and low weight (LW) at 4 wk of age after 7 generation were analyzed in Coturnix Japonica Quail. HW line was significantly higher than LW line at 28d of age (

多層撚同軸ケーブルの概要とその内部導体銅テープに要求される諸性質について

Cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) have increased dramatically in Middle Eastern and other Asian countries. Many studies indicate an important role of environmental factors, including trace elements as an etiology of cancer. This study aims to assess the concentration of eight trace elements in cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues in case of CRC. In a cross-sectional study, conducted between March 2015 and February 2016, zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) levels were evaluated among patients suffering from CRC. All the patients underwent a full colonoscopy. Multiple samples were taken from cancerous lesions and adjacent healthy tissues that kept a minimum distance of 10 cm from the lesions. These specimens were kept at �80 °C. The classic flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) method was applied in this study. The mean age of the study population was 55.6 ± 12.8. The median of Zn, Cr, Cu, Al, and Pb in cancerous tissues was significantly higher than that of healthy tissues (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the median of Mn, Sn, and Fe was significantly lower than that of non-cancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Between colon and rectal specimens, we did not find a difference between Cr and Al levels and Zn, Sn, and Cu levels in cancerous and healthy tissues, respectively. We revealed that gender and history of smoking may influence the level of some trace elements. We revealed that the levels of eight elements were significantly different for cancerous and healthy tissues. This may play a role in developing CRC. These findings reflect the importance of environmental pollution in this setting. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Suppression of dsRNA response genes and innate immunity following Oct4, Stella, and Nanos2 overexpression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

International audienceThe self-renewal capacity of germline derived stem cells (GSCs) makes them an ideal source for research and use in clinics. Despite the presence of active gene network similarities between embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and GSCs, there are unanswered questions regarding the roles of evolutionary conserved genes in GSCs. To determine the reprogramming potential of germ cell- specific genes, we designed a polycistronic gene cassette expressing Stella, Oct4 and Nanos2 in a lentiviral-based vector. Deep transcriptome analysis showed the activation of a set of pluripotency and germ-cell-specific markers and the downregulation of innate immune system. The global shut down of antiviral genes included MHC class I, interferon response genes and dsRNA 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase are critical pathways that has been affected. Individual expression of each factor highlighted suppressive effect of Nanos2 on genes such as Isg15 and Oasl2. Collectively, to our knowledge this is the first report showing that Nanos2 could be considered as an immunosuppressive factor. Furthermore, our results demonstrate suppression of endogenous retrotransposons that harbor immune response but further analysis require to uncover the correlation between transposon suppression and immune response in germ cell development. © 2018 Elsevier Lt