Time between first and second transurethral resection of bladder tumors in patients with high-grade t1 tumors: is it a risk factor for residual tumor detection?

Purpose: We evaluated the risk factors for residual tumor detection after transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Patients and Methods: Overall 132 patients underwent TURBT for primary bladder tumors and were diagnosed as high-grade T1 bladder cancer. Patients with incomplete resections were excluded from the study. Clinical and pathologic characteristics of the patients were compared and multivariate analysis was performed to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: Residual tumor was demonstrated in 57 (43.1%) of the patients. The residual tumor rate was significantly lower in patients with solitary tumors, tumors 3 cm in size, absence of detrusor muscle in the initial TURBT specimen, TURBT performed by trainees and finally, as a new finding, prolonged interval between first and second TURBT are independent predictors for residual tumor detection in patients with high-grade T1 tumors. (c) 2013 S. Karger AG, Base

The Effect of Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio on Disease Specific Survival in Testicular Tumor Patients

INTRODUCTION: The effect of hemogram parameters on survival has been evaluated in many studies for patients who have urogenital tumor. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on disease specific survival (DSS) in patients who have testicular tumor. METHODS: The data of 67 patients who treated for primary testicular tumor at our clinic between January 2000 and December 2010 was evaluated retrospectively. Patients' age, histological type of tumor, pathologic stage, serum neutrophil and serum lymphocyte counts and NLR values were recorded. RESULTS: For all patients, mean age, mean serum neutrophil, lymphocyte counts and mean NLR were 33+-8, 4800+-2100, 1100+-520 and 3,69+-1.1, respectively. In histopathological examination, pure seminoma, pure non-seminom and mix histologic type were detected in 21(31.4%), 23(34.3%) and 23(34.3%) patients, respectively. Stage 1 disease and stage ≥2 disease were revealed in 42(62%) and 25(38%)of the patients. During median 67 months follow-up period, DSS rate was 91%. According to previous studies, we determined NLR cut-off value as 4. Patients were divided into two groups as NLR≤4 and NLR>4. There was no statistically significant difference on DSS between two groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to our outcomes, we observed that NLR was not a prognostic factor to predict of DSS. However, high patient volume and prospective trials are needed to support our results

Lokal İleri Evre Prostat Kanserinde Maksimal Androjen Blokaj Tedavisinin Hematolojik, Biyokimyasal Ve Kemik Yoğunluğu Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Aim: In the present study we aimed to check the impact of maximal androgen deprivation therapy (MADT) on cellular blood components such as hemoglobin (Hb) andhematocrit (Htc) fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid values and bone mineraldensity (BMD) in locally advanced prostate cancer.Patients and Methods: Having been treated with maximal androgen blockade therapy, thirty-nine patients' initial values and at the twelfth month values of hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit (Htc), FBG, total cholesterol (tChol), triglyceride (TG), high densitylipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and spine BMD were recorded. Statistical comparisons of initial and at the twelfth month values were performed.Results: A statistically significant decrease was recorded in Hb and BMD valuesafter one year MADT. On the other hand, TG, tChol, LDL, HDL and FBG valuesshowed a statistically significant increase. Although Hb levels were significantly reduced, none of our patients developed symptoms of anemia. Fourteen of 37 patientswhose FBG levels were under 110 mg/dl before treatment, increased over 110 mg/dlat the twelfth month of treatment. Seven patients developed diabetes mellitus (DM)after treatment. Moreover, T score evaluation revealed newly developed osteoporosis in 4 patients. All of the patients with developed osteoporosis had osteopenicT score values before treatment. No bone fractures occurred in any of our patients.Conclusion: Our study points out the increase of FBG related to the treatment ofMADT. Decrease in BMD is higher in previously osteopenic patients. The lack of bonefracture and anemia symptoms might be considered as a result of evaluation of theearly data on MADT.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, lokal olarak ilerlemiş prostat kanserinde maksimal androjen blokajı tedavisinin (MABT) hemoglobin (Hb) ve hematokrit (Htc) değerleri ile açlık kan şekeri (AKŞ), serum lipid değerleri ve kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMD) üzerindeki etkisini kontrol etmektir. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: MABT ile tedavi edilen 39 hastanın başlangıç ve onikinci aydaki hemoglobin, hematokrit, açlık kan şekeri, total kolesterol (tChol), trigliserit (TG), yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) ve omurga KMD değerleri kaydedildi. İlk ve onikinci aydaki değerlerin istatistiksel karşılaştırmaları yapıldı. Bulgular: Bir yıllık MABT sonrası Hb ve KMD değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma kaydedildi. Öte yandan, TG, tChol, LDL, HDL ve AKŞ değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış gösterdi. Hb düzeyleri önemli ölçüde azalmış olmasına rağmen, hastalarımızın hiçbirinde anemi belirtileri gelişmedi. Tedaviden önce FBG seviyeleri 110 mg / dl'nin altında olan 37 hastanın 14'ü tedavinin onikinci ayında 110 mg / dl'nin üzerine çıktı. Yedi hastada tedaviden sonra diyabetes mellitus (DM) gelişti. Dahası, T skoru değerlendirmesi 4 hastada yeni gelişen osteoporozu ortaya koymuştur. Osteoporoz gelişen tüm hastaların tedaviden önce osteopenik T skoru değerleri vardı. Hiç bir hastamızda kemik kırığı oluşmadı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız MABT bağlı AKŞ artışını göstermektedir. KMD değerindeki azalma, daha önce osteopenik olan hastalarda daha yüksektir. Kemik kırığı ve anemi semptomlarının olmaması, MABT ile ilgili erken verilerin değerlendirilmesinin bir sonucu olarak düşünülebilir

Public awareness of testicular cancer and self-examination in Turkey: A multicenter study of Turkish Urooncology Society

Background: Testicular self-examination is the easiest and cheapest way to scan testicular cancer. However, the public awareness about testicular self-examination is very low. We aimed to investigate the public awareness of Turkish people about testicular cancer and testicular self-examination. Methods: We performed a survey consisting of 10 questions concerning testicular cancer and testicular self-examination in 799 students in the first year of 12 different medical schools. Aiming for a common method of data collection, the questionnaires were administered to the students during a class just before the lesson started. The whole data from all of the centers were pooled in a common data-base file. Results: Eighty-nine (11.1%) of the participants reported that they had knowledge about testicular cancer, but only 11(1.4%) of them answered all the questions about testicular cancer correctly. Eight (1%) of the participants reported that they had been performing testicular self-examination routinely once a month. Four (0.5%) of them were both well informed about testicular cancer and had been performing testicular self-examination once a month as suggested. Conclusion: The present study showed that awareness on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination is very low and suggests a need for efforts in Turkey to increase public awareness and education