Studies in the suitability of NPK-15-15-15 fertilizer, animal dung, and petroleum agar as Nutrient Supplements for growth of microorganisms

The suitability of three nutrient supplements (NPK-15-15-15 fertilizer, petroleum agar, and animal (cattle) dung) in promoting growth of microorganisms in produced water and crude-oil-contaminated soil are investigated experimentally. The analysis involves monitoring the total microbial count (TMC) in produced water and crude-oil-contaminated soil samples treated with the different nutrient supplements. After a test period of 10 weeks, the TMC in produced water treated with NPK, petroleum agar, and cattle dung was 105 cfu/ml, 103 cfu/ml, and 102 cfu/ml respectively; while the TMC in soil treated with NPK, petroleum agar, and cattle dung was 104 cfu/g, 10 cfu/g, and 102 cfu/g respectively. NPK-15-15-15 fertilizer exhibits the best characteristics as nutrient supplement for the microorganisms in both the produced water and crude-oil-contaminated soil; followed by petroleum agar and then cattle dung for produced water, but followed by cattle dung and then petroleum agar for crude-oil-contaminated soil. Keywords: NPK fertilizer; Petroleum agar; Cattle dung; Microbes; Nutrient.Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 14 (3) 2008: pp. 285-28

Investigation Of The Microbial-Induced Corrosion Potential Of Soils In Southern Ijaw Lga In Niger Delta, Nigeria

Investigation of sulphate-reducing bacteria induced corrosion potential of soils along 18-inch 45km Tebidaba/Brass underground oil pipeline in Southern Ijaw LGA of Bayelsa State, Nigeria, is carried out experimentally. The analysis involves determination of some physico-chemical parameters of soils in the pipeline route, and testing corrosion products formed on the surfaces of X60 steel coupon buried in the soils for one year. It is shown that the soils are clayey in nature and highly corrosive with high population of sulphate-reducing bacteria (104 – 106 cfu/g). The ranges of other measured properties of the soils (pH (4.8 – 5.2), temperature (17 – 21oC), water content (79 – 89 %), organic matter (10.7 – 15.6 % dry wt), redox potential (–79 to –95mV), sulphate (0.8 – 13.6mg/l)) favour growth of sulphate-reducing bacteria. Black deposits on the surfaces of the buried coupons are iron sulphide resulting from attack on the metal by sulphate-reducing bacteria in the soils. Keywords: sulphate-reducing bacteria; soil; corrosion; pipeline; crude oilGlobal Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 14 (3) 2008: pp. 325-33

Some physico-chemical and biological characteristics of soil and water samples of part of the Niger Delta area, Nigeria

Environmental conditions that influence biocorrosion in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria are investigated experimentally by analysing the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of four (4) soil samplesand water samples taken from ten (10) selected river bodies in the region. Measured properties of the water samples and the corresponding results are pH (4.5 to 6.5), temperature (26.9 to 28.7 0C), electrical conductivity (18.9 to 156.4us/cm), turbidity (19 to 48NTU), redox potential (-372 to +202mV), TDS (78 to 8450mg/l), TOC (17.3 to 38.7mg/l), nitrate ions (6.1 to 17.0mg/l), sulphate ions (0.8 to 13.6mg/l), DO (4.1 to 5.7mg/l), and microbial population (105 to 106 cfu/ml), while those of the soil samples are water content (37 to 51%), organic matter (9.4 to 18.9% dry weight), nitrate ions (0.71 to 1.82 mg/l), sulphate ions (2.1 to 5.8 mg/l) and microbial population (104 to 106 cfu/g). It shown through comparison of experimental results with literature that the levels of the measured properties for both water and soil correspond to an environment that promotes biocorrosio

A Receding Evaporative Front Model For The Drying Characteristics Of A Flat Plate Iii: Pressure And Moisture Distributions

A composite model is presented for the pressure and moisture distributions during a three-stage drying process of a flat plate with a fixed base. In the first stage (saturated stage), the body is fully saturated and capillary flow prevails. During the second stage (partially saturated stage), the evaporative front recedes through the material and divides it into saturated and unsaturated regions. The saturated part of the body is modelled using Darcy's Law for pressure-driven flow, while the unsaturated part is characterized by a Fickian diffusion equation, where the pressure model and the diffusion model are coupled through the receding evaporative front. In the third stage (fully unsaturated stage), the saturated region of the partially saturated stage is obliterated and the body is entirely unsaturated. It is shown that the critical point can occur in either the partially saturated stage or the fully unsaturated stage, depending upon the evaporation rate and other parameters of the drying process; both the pressure in the liquid and the moisture concentration of the body increase with distance from the drying face at any given time. KEY WORDS: Drying, Pressure, Moisture,Distribution, Flat plate. Global Journal of Engineering Research Vol.3(1&2) 2004: 83-9

DETERMINATION OF THE CONSTANT-RATE MASS-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT FOR DRYING DURING TAPE CASTING

Ceramic suspensions for tape casting are known to dry in two stages; the first stage is called the constant-rate period, and the second stage is the falling-rate period. During the constant-rate period, the drying rate of a material is constant. During the falling-rate period, the drying rate gradually decreases as the moisture content of the material falls. A mass-transfer coefficient is estimated for the constant–rate period of drying of water-based alumina suspensions for tape casting. A model based on the mass-transfer coefficient is also presented for the drying rate in the constant-rate period. The model is compared with experimental data and good agreement is obtained if the mass-transfer coefficient is taken to be 7.55 x 10-9 kg/m2s Pa. JMDMES Vol.2(1) 2003: 83-8

A receding evaporative front model for the drying characteristics of a flat plate I: theory

A theoretical background study is presented for the pressure and moisture distributions, stress and strain produced during the drying process of an elastic flat plate with a receding evaporative front. A three-stage drying process is proposed. In the first stage (saturated stage), the body is fully saturated and pressure-driven flow prevails. During the second stage (partially saturated stage), the evaporative front recedes through the material and divides the material into saturated and unsaturated zones. During the third stage (fully unsaturated stage), the body is entirely unsaturated and moisture is lost by diffusion only. An exact model for the falling-rate period of drying of solids, during which a body may be partially saturated or fully unsaturated, is also presented based on Sherwood\'s diffusion theory. The exact model is compared with Sherwood\'s approximate models for the falling-rate period, and with experimental data. The agreement between the exact model and the experimental data is shown to be better than that between the experimental data and Sherwood\'s models for the given drying rate.Keywords: drying, flat plate, solid; receding, evaporative frontGlobal Journal of Engineering Research Vol.4 (1&2) 2005: 31-3

Drying characteristics of water-based alumina suspension for tape casting

No Abstract.Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 13(1) 2007: pp. 77-8

Variability with depth of some physico-chemical and biological parameters of Atlantic Ocean water in part of the coastal area of Nigeria

Results of in-situ measurements of some physico-chemical and biological parameters (temperature, electrical conductivity, density, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, and salinity) of Atlantic Ocean water at various depths are presented. It is shown that temperature and dissolved oxygen vary significantly with depth, while variations of the other parameters with depth are minimal. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, density, pH, and salinity vary in the ranges: 3.60C–28.320C, 1.8mg/l–8.4mg/l, 3 . 29 ì s/cm – 4 .71 ì s/cm, 1017 .34 kg//m 3 –1036 .61 kg//m 3 , 7.1–8.4, and 34.52ppt –35.8ppt respectively. Turbidity is less than1.0NTU, indicating that the water is clear and transparent

Some physico-chemical and biological characteristics of soil and water samples of part of the Niger Delta area, Nigeria

Environmental conditions that influence biocorrosion in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria are investigated experimentally by analysing the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of four (4) soil samplesand water samples taken from ten (10) selected river bodies in the region. Measured properties of the water samples and the corresponding results are pH (4.5 to 6.5), temperature (26.9 to 28.7 0C), electrical conductivity (18.9 to 156.4us/cm), turbidity (19 to 48NTU), redox potential (-372 to +202mV), TDS (78 to 8450mg/l), TOC (17.3 to 38.7mg/l), nitrate ions (6.1 to 17.0mg/l), sulphate ions (0.8 to 13.6mg/l), DO (4.1 to 5.7mg/l), and microbial population (105 to 106 cfu/ml), while those of the soil samples are water content (37 to 51%), organic matter (9.4 to 18.9% dry weight), nitrate ions (0.71 to 1.82 mg/l), sulphate ions (2.1 to 5.8 mg/l) and microbial population (104 to 106 cfu/g). It shown through comparison of experimental results with literature that the levels of the measured properties for both water and soil correspond to an environment that promotes biocorrosio

Variability with depth of some physico-chemical and biological parameters of Atlantic Ocean water in part of the coastal area of Nigeria

Results of in-situ measurements of some physico-chemical and biological parameters (temperature, electrical conductivity, density, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, and salinity) of Atlantic Ocean water at various depths are presented. It is shown that temperature and dissolved oxygen vary significantly with depth, while variations of the other parameters with depth are minimal. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, density, pH, and salinity vary in the ranges: 3.60C–28.320C, 1.8mg/l–8.4mg/l, 3 . 29 ì s/cm – 4 .71 ì s/cm, 1017 .34 kg//m 3 –1036 .61 kg//m 3 , 7.1–8.4, and 34.52ppt –35.8ppt respectively. Turbidity is less than1.0NTU, indicating that the water is clear and transparent