Psychological Unsafety in Schools: The Development and Validation of a Scale

Work related psychological unsafety defined as the degree to which employee perceive the risky work environment that hinder them to behave comfortably or to speak up what they think without fear of its possible negative consequences. The importance of psychological unsafety has already been laid down for organizational viability and development, but the main problem is lack of instrument to measure psychological unsafety in schools. So the aim of this study is to develop valid and reliable instrument. We developed it in line with the procedures suggested by AERA (The American Educational Research Association). Based on the literature review, we wrote 27 draft items, then we piloted it on 164 school staff and we implemented factor and item analyses. We finally conducted it in the main application with 393 school staff who randomly selected from schools located in different geographical regions of Turkey. Results of EFA displayed that the 19 items loaded on three factors explaining .73 of total variance and the factor loadings ranged between .59 to .85. In addition, corrected item-total correlations ranged from .51 to .86. The internal consistency reliability coefficient was .96 and CFA confirmed the structural model. At the end of the study, we obtained a valid and reliable scale to measure psychological unsafety in schools

O-17 NMR studies of some silicate crystals and glasses

Crystalline and glassy silicates were investigated by means of 17O NMR. The dependence of the measured efg on the Si-O-Al bond angle was investigated in some crystalline aluminosilicate sodalites and kalsilite. The results show that CQ increases with increasing bond angle while 11 decreases with increasing bond angle and they both follow a similar function to that found for the Si-O-Si bond angle. The cluster calculations also confirm that the dependence of CQ and il on the Si-O-Al bond angle is similar to that of one Si-O-Si linkage. The chemical shift decreases as the bond angle increases. However this dependence does not seem to be monotonic. The structural role of Al in aluminosilicate glasses was studied by means of 17O 3Q MAS NMR in sodium aluminosilicate glasses with Si/Al= 3,1.5,1,0.7.3Q MAS NMR results showed the presence of Si-O-Si species as well as Si-O-Al species in glasses with Si/Al>1. The 3Q MAS NMR spectrum of glass with Si/A1=0.7 displayed the presence of Al-O-Al linkage as well as Si-O-Al. These results showed that as the Si/Al ratio decreases from 3 to 0.7 Si-O-Si linkage is replaced by Al-O-AI linkage as a result of addition of Al into the structure. The structural role of Sn in tin-silicate glasses was also studied mainly by means of 17O MAS NMR. The model developed from the 17O MAS NMR spectra of these glasses showed the possible coexistence of two and three coordinated oxygen atoms in the structure. Therefore some of the Sn has to be in three coordinated to oxygen for charge balancing. The 17O MAS NMR spectra of a partially crystallised sample showed three distinct sites which are assigned as Sn-O-Sn, Si-O-Sn, and Si-O-Si on the basis of their chemical shift. The CQ values obtained from the simulations of these peaks supports this assignment. The 29Si MAS NMR of the same sample showed two crystalline and a glassy peaks which are fitted to two crystalline and two glassy sites. The possible composition of this sample was calculated and found to be SiSn3O10

Determining the Leadership Potential of School Administrators Based on Data Triangulation

Aiming to describe the leadership potential (LP) of school principals who are currently in office, this study was carried out using the triangulation design of the mixed method. The study was carried out among 15 school administrators who were recruited using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected using an analytic graded measurement tool through a case-based semi-structured interview. In this study, the LP of the participants was found to be low, and the main sources of this situation were determined to be maintaining the current situation, avoiding complexity and uncertainty, and inadequacy in managing decision-making processes

Developing, Testing and Implementing the Scale of Teachers’ Professional Well-Being

The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Teachers’ Professional Well-being Scale. A total of 301 subject teachers working in primary and lower secondary public schools located in Aksaray province comprised the sample. In developing the scale we followed steps of scale development process and carried out EFA and CFA, examined item-total correlations (.43 < r < .68), and tested reliability (α=.90) of the scale. Depending on the data, we concluded that teachers have a good level of professional well-being ( x =5.74, Sd=.71) and they are eager to perform better their profession, to follow new developments and to try new things in teaching profession. Besides, the study displayed that teachers’ demographic characteristics are not meaningful variables in explaining variances of their perceptions of professional well-being.Bu çalışma, Öğretmenlerin Mesleki İyilik Algısı Ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi, bu ölçeğin test edilmesi ve kullanılmasını konu edinmektedir. Ölçek geliştirme süreçleri izlenerek AFA ve DFA analizleri yapılmış, madde-toplam ilişki değerleri incelenmiş (.43 < r < .68), geçerlik ve güvenirliği (α=.90) sınanmış ölçek dört temel bileşen altında yedili likert tipinde toplam 21 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçek, Aksaray İlindeki resmi ilk ve ortaokullarda görev yapan farklı alanlardan 301 öğretmene uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin kullanılması ile elde edilen verilere göre öğretmenlerin mesleki olarak kendilerini iyi düzeyde gördükleri ( x =5.74, Ss=.71), mesleklerinde yeni şeyleri deneme, yenilikleri takip etme, görevlerini daha iyi yapabilme açısından büyük ölçüde istekli oldukları, demografik değişkenlerin mesleki iyilik algılarında fark yaratmadığı saptanmıştır

Construction of amperometric biosensor modified with conducting polymer/carbon dots for the analysis of catechol

Phenolic compounds used in food industries and pesticide industry, are environmentally toxic and pollute the rivers and ground water. For that reason, detection of phenolic compounds such as catechol by using simple, efficient and cost‐effective devices have been becoming increasingly popular. In this study, a suitable and a novel matrix was composed using a novel conjugated polymer, namely poly[1‐(5‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophen‐2‐yl)furan‐2‐yl)‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐4H thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6(5H)‐dione] (PFTBDT) and carbon dots (CDs) to detect catechol. PFTBDT and CDs were synthesized and the optoelectronic properties of PFTBDT were investigated via electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies. Laccase enzyme was immobilized onto the constructed film matrix on the graphite electrode. The proposed biosensor was found to have a low detection limit (1.23 μM) and a high sensitivity (737.44 μA/mM.cm−2) with a linear range of 1.25–175 μM. Finally, the applicability of the proposed enzymatic biosensor was evaluated in a tap water sample and a satisfactory recovery (96–104%) was obtained for catechol determination.Publisher's Versio

Epidemiology of surgery associated acute kidney injury (EPIS-AKI): a prospective international observational multi-center clinical study

Purpose: The incidence, patient features, risk factors and outcomes of surgery-associated postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) across different countries and health care systems is unclear. Methods: We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries in patients undergoing major surgery (&gt; 2-h duration and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit admission). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of PO-AKI within 72&nbsp;h of surgery defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Secondary endpoints included PO-AKI severity and duration, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality, and ICU and hospital length of stay. Results: We studied 10,568 patients and 1945 (18.4%) developed PO-AKI (1236 (63.5%) KDIGO stage 1500 (25.7%) KDIGO stage 2209 (10.7%) KDIGO stage 3). In 33.8% PO-AKI was persistent, and 170/1945 (8.7%) of patients with PO-AKI received RRT in the ICU. Patients with PO-AKI had greater ICU (6.3% vs. 0.7%) and hospital (8.6% vs. 1.4%) mortality, and longer ICU (median 2 (Q1-Q3, 1-3) days vs. 3 (Q1-Q3, 1-6) days) and hospital length of stay (median 14 (Q1-Q3, 9-24) days vs. 10 (Q1-Q3, 7-17) days). Risk factors for PO-AKI included older age, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease), type, duration and urgency of surgery as well as intraoperative vasopressors, and aminoglycosides administration. Conclusion: In a comprehensive multinational study, approximately one in five patients develop PO-AKI after major surgery. Increasing severity of PO-AKI is associated with a progressive increase in adverse outcomes. Our findings indicate that PO-AKI represents a significant burden for health care worldwide

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised