26,431 research outputs found
On the phase transition of light in cavity QED lattices
Systems of strongly interacting atoms and photons, that can be realized
wiring up individual cavity QED systems into lattices, are perceived as a new
platform for quantum simulation. While sharing important properties with other
systems of interacting quantum particles here we argue that the nature of
light-matter interaction gives rise to unique features with no analogs in
condensed matter or atomic physics setups. By discussing the physics of a
lattice model of delocalized photons coupled locally with two-level systems
through the elementary light-matter interaction described by the Rabi model, we
argue that the inclusion of counter rotating terms, so far neglected, is
crucial to stabilize finite-density quantum phases of correlated photons out of
the vacuum, with no need for an artificially engineered chemical potential. We
show that the competition between photon delocalization and Rabi non-linearity
drives the system across a novel parity symmetry-breaking quantum
criticality between two gapped phases which shares similarities with the Dicke
transition of quantum optics and the Ising critical point of quantum magnetism.
We discuss the phase diagram as well as the low-energy excitation spectrum and
present analytic estimates for critical quantities.Comment: 5+3 pages, published versio
LIGO End-to-End simulation Program
A time-domain simulation program has been developed to provide an accurate description of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. This is being utilized to build a model of LIGO with the aim of aiding in the shakedown and integration of the interferometer subsystems, and ultimately the optimization of detector sensitivity
Coulomb drag by small momentum transfer between quantum wires
We demonstrate that in a wide range of temperatures Coulomb drag between two
weakly coupled quantum wires is dominated by processes with a small interwire
momentum transfer. Such processes, not accounted for in the conventional
Luttinger liquid theory, cause drag only because the electron dispersion
relation is not linear. The corresponding contribution to the drag resistance
scales with temperature as T^2 if the wires are identical, and as T^5 if the
wires are different
Direct Numerical Simulations of Electrophoresis of Charged Colloids
We propose a numerical method to simulate electrohydrodynamic phenomena in
charged colloidal dispersions. This method enables us to compute the time
evolutions of colloidal particles, ions, and host fluids simultaneously by
solving Newton, advection-diffusion, and Navier--Stokes equations so that the
electrohydrodynamic couplings can be fully taken into account. The
electrophoretic mobilities of charged spherical particles are calculated in
several situations. The comparisons with approximation theories show
quantitative agreements for dilute dispersions without any empirical
parameters, however, our simulation predicts notable deviations in the case of
dense dispersions.Comment: 4pages, 3figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Small-Scale Fluctuations in Cosmic X-ray Background : A Power Spectrum Approach
Equations to investigate fluctuations in cosmic X-ray background radiation
due to point-like sources at high-redshift are formulated in a systematic way.
The angular power spectrum of X-ray background fluctuations is investigated
from large-scales to small-scales in various cosmological models such as open
universe models and models with the cosmological constant, assuming a simple
evolution model of the sources. The effect of epoch-dependent bias is
demonstrated for small-angle fluctuations. The contribution from shot noise
fluctuations is also discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, Phys.Rev.D in pres
Approximate quantum error correction can lead to better codes
We present relaxed criteria for quantum error correction which are useful
when the specific dominant noise process is known. These criteria have no
classical analogue. As an example, we provide a four-bit code which corrects
for a single amplitude damping error. This code violates the usual Hamming
bound calculated for a Pauli description of the error process, and does not fit
into the GF(4) classification.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Semiclassical theory of the emission properties of wave-chaotic resonant cavities
We develop a perturbation theory for the lifetime and emission intensity for
isolated resonances in asymmetric resonant cavities. The inverse lifetime
and the emission intensity in the open system are
expressed in terms of matrix elements of operators evaluated with eigenmodes of
the closed resonator. These matrix elements are calculated in a semiclassical
approximation which allows us to represent and as sums
over the contributions of rays which escape the resonator by refraction.Comment: 4 pages, 2 color figure
Neutron Irradiation of Sm-1111
SmFeAsOF was irradiated in a fission reactor to a fast (E > 0.1
MeV) neutron fluence of 4x10^ m. The introduced defects increase
the normal state resistivity due to a reduction in the mean free path of the
charge carriers. This leads to an enhancement of the upper critical field at
low temperatures. The critical current density within the grains, Jc, increases
upon irradiation. The second maximum in the field dependence of Jc disappears
and the critical current density becomes a monotonically decreasing function of
the applied magnetic field
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