Identifying network communities with a high resolution

Community structure is an important property of complex networks. An automatic discovery of such structure is a fundamental task in many disciplines, including sociology, biology, engineering, and computer science. Recently, several community discovery algorithms have been proposed based on the optimization of a quantity called modularity (Q). However, the problem of modularity optimization is NP-hard, and the existing approaches often suffer from prohibitively long running time or poor quality. Furthermore, it has been recently pointed out that algorithms based on optimizing Q will have a resolution limit, i.e., communities below a certain scale may not be detected. In this research, we first propose an efficient heuristic algorithm, Qcut, which combines spectral graph partitioning and local search to optimize Q. Using both synthetic and real networks, we show that Qcut can find higher modularities and is more scalable than the existing algorithms. Furthermore, using Qcut as an essential component, we propose a recursive algorithm, HQcut, to solve the resolution limit problem. We show that HQcut can successfully detect communities at a much finer scale and with a higher accuracy than the existing algorithms. Finally, we apply Qcut and HQcut to study a protein-protein interaction network, and show that the combination of the two algorithms can reveal interesting biological results that may be otherwise undetectable.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. 1 supplemental file at http://cic.cs.wustl.edu/qcut/supplemental.pd

Correlation between electrons and vortices in quantum dots

Exact many-body wave functions for quantum dots containing up to four interacting electrons are computed and we investigated the distribution of the wave function nodes, also called vortices. For this purpose, we evaluate the reduced wave function by fixing the positions of all but one electron and determine the locations of its zeros. We find that the zeros are strongly correlated with respect to each other and with respect to the position of the electrons and formulate rules describing their distribution. No multiple zeros are found, i.e. vortices with vorticity larger than one. Our exact calculations are compared to results extracted from the recently proposed rotating electron molecule (REM) wave functions

Measurements of Heavy Flavor and Di-electron Production at STAR

Heavy quarks are produced early in the relativistic heavy ion collisions, and provide an excellent probe into the hot and dense nuclear matter created at RHIC. In these proceedings, we will discuss recent STAR measurements of heavy flavor production, to investigate the heavy quark interaction with the medium. Electromagnetic probes, such as electrons, provide information on the various stages of the medium evolution without modification by final stage interactions. Di-electron production measurements by STAR will also be discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, proceedings for CPOD201

Review of data-driven methods used to control the normalization of the top quark background contribution in the H --> WW(*) --> {\ellν\ellν} analyses at the LHC

A few data-driven methods used in deriving the normalization of the dominant top quark background contribution in the $H → WW(*) → {\ellν\ellν}$ analyses by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC are reviewed and compared. Additional information, justi fication or modi fication to some of the methods is provided. These methods have also been or can be applied to other analyses such as cross section measurements of the Standard Model WW process and searches for new physics in channels with similar final states

CD36 Senses Dietary Lipids and Regulates Lipids Homeostasis in the Intestine

Dietary lipids absorbed in the intestine are closely related to the development of metabolic syndrome. CD36 is a multi-functional scavenger receptor with multiple ligands, which plays important roles in developing hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. In the intestine, CD36 is abundant on the brush border membrane of the enterocytes mainly localized in proximal intestine. This review recapitulates the update and current advances on the importance of intestinal CD36 in sensing dietary lipids and regulating intestinal lipids uptake, synthesis and transport, and regulating intestinal hormones secretion. However, further studies are still needed to demonstrate the complex interactions between intestinal CD36 and dietary lipids, as well as its importance in diet associated metabolic syndrome

Obvious enhancement of the total reaction cross sections for 27,28^{27,28}P with 28^{28}Si target and the possible relavent mechanisms

The reaction cross sections of $^{27,28}$P and the corresponding isotones on Si target were measured at intermediate energies. The measured reaction cross sections of the N=12 and 13 isotones show an abrupt increase at $$. The experimental results for the isotones with $Z\leq 14$ as well as $$P can be well described by the modified Glauber theory of the optical limit approach. The enhancement of the reaction cross section for $^{28}$P could be explained in the modified Glauber theory with an enlarged core. Theoretical analysis with the modified Glauber theory of the optical limit and few-body approaches underpredicted the experimental data of $^{27}$P. Our theoretical analysis shows that an enlarged core together with proton halo are probably the mechanism responsible for the enhancement of the cross sections for the reaction of $^{27}$P+$^{28}$Si.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys.Rev.

Treatment effect of Bushen Huayu extract on postmenopausal osteoporosis in vivo

Bushen Huayu extract (BSHY), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been demonstrated to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis, however, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of BSHY and the mechanisms underlying this effect in an in vivo postmenopausal osteoporosis animal model. A total of 1 g BSHY containing 7.12 μg icariin was prepared. Low-dose BSHY (BSHY-L; 11.1 g/kg), medium-dose BSHY (BSHY-M; 22.2 g/kg) and high-dose BSHY (BSHY-H; 44.4 g/kg) was administered to oophorectomized rats using intragastric infusion. Estradiol (E2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, as well as bone density, were determined. It was found that the levels of serum ALP in the BSHY-L, BSHY-M and BSHY-H groups (197.75±41.74, 166.63±44.83 and 165.63±44.90 IU/l, respectively) were significantly decreased compared with the model group (299.13±45.79 IU/l; P<0.05), whilst the levels of E2 (16.89±1.71, 17.95±1.40 and 18.34±1.43 pg/ml, respectively) increased compared with the model group (14.54±1.61; P<0.05). In addition, the levels of IL-6 decreased in the BSHY-L, BSHY-M and BSHY-H groups (91.85±14.81, 82.99±15.65 and 80.54±14.61 pg/ml, respectively) compared with the model group (105.93±16.50 pg/ml; P<0.05). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that BSHY increased the bone density in the BSHY-L, BSHY-M and BSHY-H groups (0.20±0.014, 0.22±0.016 and 0.22±0.017 g/cm2, respectively) compared with the model group (0.19±0.011 g/cm2; P<0.05). BSHY was also found to increase the number of osteoblasts in the BSHY-L, BSHY-M and BSHY-H groups (25.38±2.17, 29.25±2.12 and 30.00±2.39, respectively), compared with in the model group (14.75±2.38; P<0.05), and decrease the number of osteoclasts in the BSHY-L, BSHY-M and BSHY-H groups (4.00±1.85, 4.25±1.39 and 5.75±1.49, respectively) compared with 9.50±1.60 observed in the model group (P<0.05). These results suggest that BSHY is a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of osteoporosis in vivo. Furthermore, these results suggest that the mechanism by which BSHY decreases the serum levels of IL-6 may be by regulating E2.published_or_final_versio

THE GLOBAL OPTIMAL PLACEMENT OF BLE BEACON FOR LOCALIZATION BASED ON INDOOR MAP

Anchor Nodes in a localization system obviously play a crucial role in determining the system’s quality. Their placement directly affects the localization accuracy and their number directly impacts the total cost of the system. Nowadays, the deployment of Bluetooth nodes in industry generally relies on the experience knowledge of engineers and the cost of positioning beacon does not considered the global level. In this paper, we put forward a method to extract the number and location of BLE beacon automatically and ensure a high positioning accuracy of the indoor positioning system based the rules of indoor positioning, which use all kinds of space objects and structure characteristics of indoor map. The triangulation method was selected to study the global optimal placement of BLE beacon for localization based on indoor map. The impacts and requirements of BLE beacon placement were systematic analysed from the triangulation positioning method, indoor positioning environment and indoor user distribution characteristics. According to the characteristics of indoor environment structure and user distribution, we built an optimization model of BLE beacon placement method based on genetic algorithm which can generate the number and the location of BLE beacon. At last, the Bluetooth indoor positioning prototype system is developed to compare the experience method deployment scheme and the global optimization deployment scheme in the real indoor positioning environment