Online) An Open Access

ABSTRACT A total of 68 samples were collected, out of which 31 (45.59%) were benign and 37 (54.41%) were malignant tumours. Tumours were classified into epithelial 40(58.83%), mesenchymal 20 (29.40%), round cell 5 (7.36%) and mixed tumours 3 (4.41%). The highest risk of development of various tumours was found in the age group of 7-9 years, followed by 4-6 years, above 9 years and below 3 years and the incidence was 29 (42.65%), 20(29.41%),19 (27.94%) and 1 (1.47% ) respectively. The frequency of occurrence of neoplasms was slightly higher in females 38(55.88%) compared to the males 30 (44.12%). Among the breeds affected Pomeranian breed represented more with 18 (26.50%) followed by non descriptive 16 (23.52%), German Shepherd 16 (23.52%), Labrador 6 (8.82%), Doberman 6 (1.47%), Dachshund and Rottweiler 2 (2.94%), each one of Collie and Great Dane (1.47%). The organ wise incidence of tumours included skin and mesenchymal tumours 29 (42.65%), mammary tumours 17 (25%), joint and bone tumours 9 (13.23%), vaginal tumours 5 (7.53%), testicular tumours 4 (5.88%), vulva and penis 3 (4.41%), ovarian tumours 2 (2.94%) and each one of transitional cell carcinoma and prostate carcinoma (1.47%)

Digital panoramic radiography: An aid in the early detection of osteoporotic signs

Background: Osteoporosis is a worldwide problem demanding attention in the modern world. In the last four decades, numerous research teams have reported oral radiographic findings associated with osteoporosis. The preponderance of the evidence shows that the jaws of subjects with osteoporosis show reduced bone mass and altered morphology. A number of mandibular cortical indices (MCIs) have also been developed to allow quantification of mandibular bone mass and identification of osteoporosis. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to measure various radiomorphometric indices and/or, mandibular cortical indices (MCIs) on digital panoramic radiographs (Orthopantomographs [OPGs]) of postmenopausal females; to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) of postmenopausal females using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA); and to compare the radiomorphometric indices on digital panoramic radiographs with BMD values and thereby assessing the efficacy of digital panoramic radiographs in detecting mandibular osteoporotic changes so as to screen osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: One hundred postmenopausal females were randomly selected from the outpatient department. All the patients were explained about the need for the study. Informed consent was taken, and a detailed case history was obtained. After subjecting the patients to digital panoramic radiography, the patients were taken for BMD evaluation using DEXA scans. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 14. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test, Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Results: Klemetti index showed that a patient with C3 cortical appearance had a low BMD. Among the quantitative indices, mental index, panoramic mandibular index, antegonial index, and gonial index, showed significantly lower values among the osteoporotic group. Conclusion: Digital panoramic radiographs (OPGs) have a significant role in the initial screening of elderly females for early osteoporotic changes

Familial Crouzon syndrome

Crouzon syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition of the craniosynostotic syndromes without syndactyly and with various dentofacial anomalies. Craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, shallow orbits, ocular proptosis and hypertelorism are the characteristic features of Crouzon syndrome. This report describes the variable clinical features in affected individuals over two generations of a family with dentofacial deformities and review of literature

Dermatoglyphics: Revival in oral pre-cancers and cancers, a review

Dermatoglyphics deals with the study of the epidermal ridges and their configurations on the fingers, palms, and soles. The word dermatoglyphics is derived from the Greek word derma meaning skin and glyphics meaning carvings. Dermatoglyphics, once matured, remain unchanged throughout the life of an individual and are not influenced by either the environmental or age-related factors. Because of these unique characteristics, these dermal ridges play a very crucial role in the personal identification of an individual, for forensic purposes. Dermatoglyphics has also been accepted as a simple and inexpensive means for deciding whether a patient would have a particular genetic or chromosomal disorder or not. The question, now, is to test the predictive possibilities of dermatoglyphics in search of the various oral precancers and cancers as the studies conducted so far have been convincing. The present review focuses on this aspect of dermatoglyphics

Role of Digital and Palmar Dermatoglyphics in Early Detection of Oral Leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Background and Objectives: Unusual dermatoglyphics may indicate genetic or chromosomal aberrations consistent with numerous diseases. The aim of the present study was to relate dermatoglyphic patterns in oral leucoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyse the qualitative and quantitative variations in digital and palmar dermatoglyphics amongst the patients diagnosed with oral leucoplakia, OSMF and OSCC. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 225 patients, of which 75 patients were diagnosed with oral leucoplakia and OSMF, 75 patients were diagnosed with OSCC whereas 75 high-risk individuals with habits but without active lesions, was carried out. Finger and palmar prints were collected and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results: In oral leucoplakia, OSMF and OSCC patients, loops were found to be the predominant finger ridge patterns whereas whorls were predominant in the control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that dermatoglyphics might serve as a potential tool in the early detection of the various oral pre-malignant and malignant lesions

Evaluation of centralization ability and canal transportation of root canals prepared with three commercially available pediatric rotary files

Background: The complex root canal anatomy of primary root canals is considered to be most challenging. The quality of the root canal preparation plays a significant role in the success of endodontic treatment. Now, there are very few root canal instruments that are capable of cleaning the canal three dimensionally. To evaluate the efficacy of root canal instruments, various technologies have been used; one of the most reliable strategies was cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the centralization ability and canal transportation of three commercially available pediatric rotary file systems using CBCT analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three extracted human primary teeth with a minimum 7 mm root length were randomly divided into three groups (group I – Kedo-SG Blue, group II – Kedo-S Square, and group III – Pro AF Baby Gold). Biomechanical preparation was done according to the manufacturers instructions. Pre- and postinstrumentation CBCT images were taken for each group to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness thereby assessing the centering ability and the canal transportation ability of different file systems. Results: Significant difference was noticed in canal transportation and centering ability between the three tested groups. Mesiodistal canal transportation was significant at all three levels, whereas buccolingual canal transportation was significant only at the apical third of the root. However, Kedo-SG Blue and Pro AF Baby Gold showed lesser canal transportation compared to Kedo-S Square rotary file system. Mesiodistal centering ability was significant at cervical and apical thirds of the root with Kedo-S Square rotary file system maintaining less canal centricity. Conclusions: All three file systems tested in the study were effective in removing the radicular dentin. However, Kedo-SG Blue and Pro AF Baby Gold rotary file systems showed comparatively less canal transportation and more centering ability than Kedo-S Square rotary file system