Antibacterial Potential of Aqueous Acetone Extracts from Five Medicinal Plants Used Traditionally to Treat Infectious Diseases in Burkina Faso

Abstract: Polyphenol contents, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaves and barks from of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Khaya senegalensis, Sterculia setigera, Solanum incanum and Pterocarpus erinaceus extracts obtained with aqueous acetone 80% (WAE) were investigated in this study. The present study was conducted to evaluate the total phenolic contents, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Folinciocalteu and AlCl 3 methods, respectively were used for polyphenol contents. The antioxidant potential of the samples was evaluate using two separate methods, inhibition of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Iron (III) to iron (II) reduction activity (FRAP). In vitro antibacterial capacity of aqueous acetone extracts were investigated by agar disc diffusion, micro-well dilution (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assay against five bacteria. Our extracts contained high levels of phenolics and exhibited antibacterial activity against bacteria. S. aureus and B. cereus were the most sensitive; while E. coli was the most resistant. There were highly positive relationships (R 2 = 0.8454-0.9780) between phenolic contents and antioxidant, activity antibacterial capacity and phenolic contents of the tested extracts against each bacterium. This suggested that the antibacterial activity of the tested extracts was closely associated with their phenolic constituents. In this study, the extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus leaves was presented the best results among all extracts