Rapid Fabrication of Large-sized Solid Shape using Variable Lamination Manufacturing and Multi-functional Hotwire Cutting System

Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies have been widely used to reduce the lead-time and development cost of new products. The VLM-ST process has been developed to overcome the currently developed RP technologies such as a large building time, a high building cost, an additional post-processing and a large apparatus cost. However, the VLM-ST process has the limitation of fabricated model size (VLM300: 297×210 mm, VLM400: 420×297 mm) and the limitation of slope angle when the large-sized model more than 600 × 600 × 600 mm or axisymmetric shape is fabricated. The objective of this paper is to develop a multi-functional hotwire cutting system (MHC) using EPS-foam block or sheet as the working material in order to fabricate a large-sized shape more than 600 × 600 × 600 mm. Because the MHC apparatus employs a four-axis synchronized hotwire cutter with the structure of two XY movable heads and a turn-table, it allows the easy fabrication of various 3D shapes, such as (1) an axisymmetric shape or a sweeping cross-sectioned pillar shape using the hot-strip in the form of sweeping surface and EPS foam block on the turn-table, (2) a polyhedral complex shape using the hotwire and EPS foam block on the turn-table, and (3) a ruled surface approximated freeform shape using the hotwire and EPS foam sheet. In order to examine the applicability of the developed MHC apparatus, an axisymmetric shape, a polyhedral shape and a large-sized freeform shape were fabricated by the apparatus.Mechanical Engineerin

The Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra for open strings attached to giant gravitons

We extend the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra for the superstring sigma model on $AdS_{5}\times S^{5}$, which was formulated by Arutyunov, Frolov and Zamaklar, to the case of open strings attached to maximal giant gravitons, which was recently considered by Hofman and Maldacena. We obtain boundary $S$-matrices which satisfy the standard boundary Yang-Baxter equation.Comment: 22 pages, no figure; added a referenc

Transport through a Strongly Correlated Quantum-Dot with Fano Interference

We present the transport properties of a strongly correlated quantum dot attached to two leads with a side coupled non-interacting quantum dot. Transport properties are analyzed using the slave boson mean field theory which is reliable in the zero temperature and low bias regime. It is found that the transport properties are determined by the interplay of two fundamental physical phenomena,i.e. the Kondo effects and the Fano interference. The linear conductance will depart from the unitary limit and the zero bias anomaly will be suppressed in the presence of interdot coupling. The zero bias shot noise Fano factor increases with the interdot coupling and tends to the Poisson value. The shot noise Fano factor shows a non-monotonic behavior as a function of the interdot coupling for various side dot energy levels

Quantum finite-size effects for dyonic magnons in the AdS_4 x CP^3

We compute quantum corrections to finite-size effects for various dyonic giant magnons in the AdS_4 x CP^3 in two different approaches. The off-shell algebraic curve method is used to quantize the classical string configurations in semi-classical way and to compute the corrections to the string energies. These results are compared with the F-term L\"uscher formula based on the S-matrix of the AdS_4 / CFT_3. The fact that the two results match exactly provides another stringent test for the all-loop integrability conjecture and the exact S-matrix based on it.Comment: 21 pages, No figures, corrected typos, added some reference

Hydrogen adsorption and cohesive energy of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Hydrogen adsorption on crystalline ropes of carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) was found to exceed 8 wt.%, which is the highest capacity of any carbon material. Hydrogen is first adsorbed on the outer surfaces of the crystalline ropes. At pressures higher than about 40 bar at 80 K, however, a phase transition occurs where there is a separation of the individual SWNTs, and hydrogen is physisorbed on their exposed surfaces. The pressure of this phase transition provides a tube-tube cohesive energy for much of the material of 5 meV/C atom. This small cohesive energy is affected strongly by the quality of crystalline order in the ropes

Generation of Transgenic Tall Fescue Plants with Enhanced Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity and temperature extremes significantly decrease the yield of forage crops. Therefore, traits associated with abiotic stress-tolerance are of prime importance for their improvement. Biotechnological approaches have the potential to accelerate and complement conventional breeding by extending the range of gene sources for valuable traits, thus offering new opportunities for forage improvement. Transgenic technology appears as an efficient biotechnological tool of molecular breeding for improving forage quality and yield as well as tolerance to various environmental stresses. Occurrence of high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common phenomenon in abiotic stress-challenged plants. Plants have been evolved with a number of protective mechanisms to counteract such oxidative stress. Molecular chaperones play crucial roles against oxidative stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that provide thermotolerance in plants (Heckathorn et al. 1998). It has been reported that chloroplast-localized small HSPs protect thermolabile photosystem II (PSII) in isolated chloroplasts in vitro and are important for heat acclimation (Heckathorn et al. 1998). A number of previous reports have demonstrated that ABA is essential for the adaptive response to drought stress (Xiong et al. 2002). ABA-responsive elements (ABRE)-binding bZIP proteins (ABFs) have been isolated (Choi et al. 2000) and mediate ABA-dependent stress signaling in Arabidopsis (Uno et al. 2000). Overexpression of ABF increased tolerance to drought or heat stress (Vanjildorj et al. 2006). In this project, we generated transgenic tall fescue plants over-expressing chloroplastic small HSP or ABF, and investigated their performance under abiotic stresses

Quark-lepton complementarity and tribimaximal neutrino mixing from discrete symmetry

The quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) relations indicate a deep structure that interrelates quarks and leptons. We propose new scenarios, in a seesaw framework with discrete $A_4$ flavor symmetry, which can accommodate the QLC relations and the nonzero neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ together with all the available neutrino experimental data, in a consistent way to generate the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix for the quark mixing. Certain effective dimension-5 operators are introduced, which induce a deviation of the lepton mixing matrix from the tribimaximal mixing (TBM) pattern and lead the quark mixing matrix to the CKM one in form. We explicitly demonstrate three different possibilities of constructing the charged lepton mixing matrix and point out that the {\it phases} of whose elements play a crucial role to satisfy the QLC relations. We find that for the reactor mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ its possible values can vary around the center value $\sin \theta_{13} \simeq \lambda /\sqrt{2}$ ($\lambda \simeq 0.22$ being the Cabbibo angle) and have the lower bound $\theta_{13} \gtrsim 3.5^{\circ}$. We also show that sizable leptonic CP violation characterized by the Jarlskog invariant $|J_{\rm CP}|\sim{\cal O}(10^{-2})$ is allowed, which is expected to be tested in the future experiments such as the upcoming long baseline neutrino oscillation ones.Comment: 29 pages, 13 figures, accepted by PR