The Rigorous Derivation of the 2D Cubic Focusing NLS from Quantum Many-body Evolution

We consider a 2D time-dependent quantum system of $N$-bosons with harmonic external confining and \emph{attractive} interparticle interaction in the Gross-Pitaevskii scaling. We derive stability of matter type estimates showing that the $k$-th power of the energy controls the $H^{1}$ Sobolev norm of the solution over $k$-particles. This estimate is new and more difficult for attractive interactions than repulsive interactions. For the proof, we use a version of the finite-dimensional quantum di Finetti theorem from [49]. A high particle-number averaging effect is at play in the proof, which is not needed for the corresponding estimate in the repulsive case. This a priori bound allows us to prove that the corresponding BBGKY hierarchy converges to the GP limit as was done in many previous works treating the case of repulsive interactions. As a result, we obtain that the \emph{focusing} nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation is the mean-field limit of the 2D time-dependent quantum many-body system with attractive interatomic interaction and asymptotically factorized initial data. An assumption on the size of the $L^{1}$-norm of the interatomic interaction potential is needed that corresponds to the sharp constant in the 2D Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality though the inequality is not directly relevant because we are dealing with a trace instead of a power

On the Klainerman-Machedon Conjecture of the Quantum BBGKY Hierarchy with Self-interaction

We consider the 3D quantum BBGKY hierarchy which corresponds to the $N$-particle Schr\"{o}dinger equation. We assume the pair interaction is $N^{3\beta -1}V(N^{\beta}\bullet).$ For interaction parameter $\beta \in(0,\frac23)$, we prove that, as $N\rightarrow \infty ,$ the limit points of the solutions to the BBGKY hierarchy satisfy the space-time bound conjectured by Klainerman-Machedon in 2008. This allows for the application of the Klainerman-Machedon uniqueness theorem, and hence implies that the limit is uniquely determined as a tensor product of solutions to the Gross-Pitaevski equation when the $N$-body initial data is factorized. The first result in this direction in 3D was obtained by T. Chen and N. Pavlovi\'{c} (2011) for $\beta \in (0,\frac14)$ and subsequently by X. Chen (2012) for $\beta\in (0,\frac27]$. We build upon the approach of X. Chen but apply frequency localized Klainerman-Machedon collapsing estimates and the endpoint Strichartz estimate in the estimate of the potential part to extend the range to $\beta\in (0,\frac23)$. Overall, this provides an alternative approach to the mean-field program by Erd\"os-Schlein-Yau (2007), whose uniqueness proof is based upon Feynman diagram combinatorics.Comment: v2, final version for Journal of the European Mathematical Society. v1 is a less technical versio