173 research outputs found
Short time-series microarray analysis: Methods and challenges
The detection and analysis of steady-state gene expression has become routine. Time-series microarrays are of growing interest to systems biologists for deciphering the dynamic nature and complex regulation of biosystems. Most temporal microarray data only contain a limited number of time points, giving rise to short-time-series data, which imposes challenges for traditional methods of extracting meaningful information. To obtain useful information from the wealth of short-time series data requires addressing the problems that arise due to limited sampling. Current efforts have shown promise in improving the analysis of short time-series microarray data, although challenges remain. This commentary addresses recent advances in methods for short-time series analysis including simplification-based approaches and the integration of multi-source information. Nevertheless, further studies and development of computational methods are needed to provide practical solutions to fully exploit the potential of this data
Spatial distribution of Pb, As, Cd contents in Chinese raw milk and risk assessment for human health
Efficient sunlight promoted nitrogen fixation from air under room temperature and ambient pressure via Ti/Mo composites
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation is an important pathway for carbon
neutralization and sustainable development. Inspired by nitrogenase, the
participation of molybdenum can effectively activate nitrogen. A novel Ti/Mo
composites photocatalyst is designed by sintering the molybdenum
acetylacetonate precursor with TiO. The special carbon-coated hexagonal
photocatalyst is obtained which photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance is
enhanced 16 times compared to pure TiO at room temperature and ambient
pressure. The abundant surface defects in this composite were confirmed to be
the key factor for nitrogen fixation. The N isotope labeling
experiment was used to demonstrate the feasibility of nitrogen to ammonia
conversion. Also, modelling on the interactions between light and the
synthesized photocatalyst particle was examined for the light absorption. The
optimum nitrogen fixation conditions have been examined, and the nitrogen
fixation performance can reach up to 432
ggh. Numerical simulations via
the field-only surface integral method were also carried out to study the
interactions between light and the photocatalytic particles to further confirm
that it can be a useful material for photocatalyst. This newly developed Ti/Mo
composites provide a simple and effective strategy for photocatalytic nitrogen
fixation from air directly under ambient conditions
Analysis of 22 Elements in Milk, Feed, and Water of Dairy Cow, Goat, and Buffalo from Different Regions of China
The objectives of this study were to measure the concentrations of elements in raw milk by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and evaluate differences in element concentrations among animal species and regions of China. Furthermore, drinking water and feed samples were analyzed to investigate whether the element concentrations in raw milk are correlated with those in water and feed. All samples were analyzed by ICP-MS following microwave assisted acid digestion. The mean recovery of the elements was 98.7 % from milk, 103.7 % from water, and 93.3 % from a certified reference material (cabbage). Principal component analysis results revealed that element concentrations differed among animal species and regions. Correlation analysis showed that trace elements Mn, Fe, Ni, Ga, Se, Sr, Cs, U in water and Co, Ni, Cu, Se, U in feed were significantly correlated with those in milk (p < 0.05). Toxic and potential toxic elements Cr, As, Cd, Tl, Pb in water and Al, Cr, As, Hg, Tl in feed were significantly correlated with those in milk (p < 0.05). Results of correlation analysis revealed that elements in water and feed might contribute to the elements in milk
Efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation from air under sunlight via iron-doped WO
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation from air directly under sunlight can
contribute significantly to carbon neutralization. It is an ideal pathway to
replace the industrial Haber Bosch process in future. A Fe-doped layered WO
photocatalyst containing oxygen vacancies was developed which can fix nitrogen
from air directly under sunlight at atmospheric pressure. The iron doping
enhances the transport efficiency of photogenerated electrons. The
photocatalytic efficiency is around 4 times higher than that of pure WO.
The optimum nitrogen fixation conditions were examined by orthogonal
experiments and its nitrogen fixation performance could reach up to 477 under sunlight.
In addition, the process of nitrogen fixation was detected by situ infrared,
which confirmed the reliability of nitrogen fixation. Also, modelling on the
interactions between light and the photocatalyst was carried out to study the
distribution of surface charge and validate the light absorption of the
photocatalyst. This work provides a simple and cheap strategy for
photocatalytic nitrogen fixation from air under mild conditions
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