Generating Hermite polynomial excited squeezed states by means of conditional measurements on a beam splitter

A scheme for conditional generating a Hermite polynomial excited squeezed vacuum states (HESVS) is proposed. Injecting a two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS) into a beam splitter (BS) and counting the photons in one of the output channels, the conditional state in the other output channel is just a HESVS. To exhibit a number of nonclassical effects and non-Guassianity, we mainly investigate the photon number distribution, sub-Poissonian distribution, quadrature component distribution, and quasi-probability distribution of the HPESVS. We find that its nonclassicality closely relates to the control parameter of the BS, the squeezed parameter of the TMSVS, and the photon number of conditional measurement. These further demonstrate that performing the conditional measurement on a BS is an effective approach to generate non-Guassian state.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:quant-ph/9703039 by other author

Thermal Spin Orbit Torque with Dresselhaus Spin Orbit Coupling

Based on the spinor Boltzmann equation, we obtain a temperature dependent thermal spin-orbit torque in terms of the local equilibrium distribution function in a two dimensional ferromagnet with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. We also derive the continuity equation of spin accumulation and spin current, the spin diffusion equation in Dresselhaus ferromagnet, which contains the thermal spin orbit torque under local equilibrium assumption. This temperature dependent thermal spin-orbit torque originates from the temperature gradient applied to the system. it is also sensitive to temperature due to the local equilibrium distribution function therein. In the spin diffusion equation, we can single out the usual spin-orbit torque as well as the spin transfer torque, which is conceded to our previous results. Finally, we illustrate them by an example of spin-polarized transport through a ferromagnet with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling driven by temperature gradient, those torques including thermal spin-orbit torque are demonstrated numerically.Comment: 19pages,6figure

The Nullity of Bicyclic Signed Graphs

Let \Gamma be a signed graph and let A(\Gamma) be the adjacency matrix of \Gamma. The nullity of \Gamma is the multiplicity of eigenvalue zero in the spectrum of A(\Gamma). In this paper we characterize the signed graphs of order n with nullity n-2 or n-3, and introduce a graph transformation which preserves the nullity. As an application we determine the unbalanced bicyclic signed graphs of order n with nullity n-3 or n-4, and signed bicyclic signed graphs (including simple bicyclic graphs) of order n with nullity n-5

Dual-band circularly-polarized shared-aperture array for C/X-Band satellite communications

A novel method of achieving a single-feed circularly-polarized (CP) microstrip antenna with both broad impedance bandwidth and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is presented. The CP characteristics are generated by employing a resonator to excite the two orthogonal modes of the patch via two coupling paths and the required 90 o phase difference is achieved by using the different orders of the two paths. The presented method, instead of conventional methods that power dividers and phase delay lines are usually required, not only significantly enhances the bandwidths of the antenna, but also results in a compact feed, reduced loss and high gain. Based on this method, a dual-band shared-aperture CP array antenna is implemented for C/X-band satellite communications. The antenna aperture includes a 2 × 2 array at C-band and a 4 ×4 array at X-band. To accommodate the C/X-band elements into the same aperture while achieving a good isolation between them, the C-band circular patches are etched at the four corners. The measured results agree well with the simulations, showing a wide impedance bandwidth of 21% and 21.2% at C-and X-band, respectively. The C-and X-band 3-dB AR bandwidths are 13.2% and 12.8%. The array also exhibits a high aperture efficiency of over 55%, low side-lobe (C-band: −12.5 dB; X-band: −15 dB) and high gain (C-band: 14.5 dBic; X-band: 17.5 dBic)

Poly[[tetra­aqua­tetra­kis­[μ3-5-(pyridine-4-carboxamido)­isophthalato]­cobalt(II)­diholmium(III)] tetra­hydrate]

In the centrosymmetric polymeric title compound, {[CoHo2(C14H8N2O5)4(H2O)4]·4H2O}n, the HoIII ion is coordinated by one water mol­ecule and four 5-(pyridine-4-carboxamido)­isophthalate (L) ligands in a distorted square-anti­prismatic arrangement. The CoII ion, located on an inversion center, is coordinated by two pyridine N atoms, two carboxyl­ate O atoms and two water mol­ecules in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. One L ligand bridges two Ho ions and one Co ion through two carboxyl­ate groups and one pyridine N atom. The other L ligand bridges two Ho ions and one Co ion through two carboxyl­ate groups, while the uncoordinated pyridine N atom accepts a hydrogen bond from an adjacent coordinated water mol­ecule. Extensive O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal

The prediction of interferon treatment effects based on time series microarray gene expression profiles

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The status of a disease can be reflected by specific transcriptional profiles resulting from the induction or repression activity of a number of genes. Here, we proposed a time-dependent diagnostic model to predict the treatment effects of interferon and ribavirin to HCV infected patients by using time series microarray gene expression profiles of a published study.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the published study, 33 African-American (AA) and 36 Caucasian American (CA) patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection received pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy for 28 days. HG-U133A GeneChip containing 22283 probes was used to analyze the global gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of all the patients on day 0 (pretreatment), 1, 2, 7, 14, and 28. According to the decrease of HCV RNA levels on day 28, two categories of responses were defined: good and poor. A voting method based on Student's t test, Wilcoxon test, empirical Bayes test and significance analysis of microarray was used to identify differentially expressed genes. A time-dependent diagnostic model based on C4.5 decision tree was constructed to predict the treatment outcome. This model not only utilized the gene expression profiles before the treatment, but also during the treatment. Leave-one-out cross validation was used to evaluate the performance of the model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The model could correctly predict all Caucasian American patients' treatment effects at very early time point. The prediction accuracy of African-American patients achieved 85.7%. In addition, thirty potential biomarkers which may play important roles in response to interferon and ribavirin were identified.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our method provides a way of using time series gene expression profiling to predict the treatment effect of pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy on HCV infected patients. Similar experimental and bioinformatical strategies may be used to improve treatment decisions for other chronic diseases.</p