A novel data-driven rollover risk assessment for articulated steering vehicles using RNN

Articulated steering vehicles have outstanding capability operating but suffer from frequent rollover accidents due to their complicated structure. It is necessary to accurately detect their rollover risk for drivers to take action in time. Their variable structure and the variable center of mass exhibit nonlinear time-variant behavior and increase the difficulty of dynamic modelling and lateral stability description. This paper proposes a novel data-driven modelling methodology for lateral stability description of articulated steering vehicles. The running data is first collected based on the typical operations that prone to rollover and then classified into two types: Safety and danger. The data quality is further improved by wavelet transformation. Finally, an RNN model is built on the data. The experimental results show that the output of the RNN model can accurately quantify lateral stability of the vehicle, i.e., the risk of rollover, when it is turning and crossing uneven surfaces or obstacles

Effect of azoxystrobin fungicide on the physiological and biochemical indices and ginsenoside contents of ginseng leaves

Background: The impact of fungicide azoxystrobin, applied as foliar spray, on the physiological and biochemical indices and ginsenoside contents of ginseng was studied in ginseng (Panax ginseng Mey. cv. “Ermaya”) under natural environmental conditions. Different concentrations of 25% azoxystrobin SC (150 g a.i./ha and 225 g a.i./ha) on ginseng plants were sprayed three times, and the changes in physiological and biochemical indices and ginsenoside contents of ginseng leaves were tested. Methods: Physiological and biochemical indices were measured using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-2450). Every index was determined three times per replication. Extracts of ginsenosides were analyzed by HPLC (Shimadzu LC20-AB) utilizing a GL-Wondasil C18 column. Results: Chlorophyll and soluble protein contents were significantly (p=0.05) increased compared with the control by the application of azoxystrobin. Additionally, activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, and ginsenoside contents in azoxystrobin-treated plants were improved, and malondialdehyde content and O2− contents were reduced effectively. Azoxystrobin treatments to ginseng plants at all growth stages suggested that the azoxystrobin-induced delay of senescence was due to an enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity protecting the plants from harmful active oxygen species. When the dose of azoxystrobin was 225 g a.i./ha, the effect was more significant. Conclusion: This work suggested that azoxystrobin played a role in delaying senescence by changing physiological and biochemical indices and improving ginsenoside contents in ginseng leaves. Keywords: azoxystrobin, ginsenoside contents, leaves, Panax ginseng, physiological and biochemical indice

A Multi-Residue Method for the Determination of 77 Pesticides in Red Ginseng Using QuEChERS and Gas Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)

A simple, sensitive, and rapid multi-residue analytical method was developed based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) and used to determine 77 multiclass pesticides in red ginseng. Samples were extracted and purified via a modified QuEChERS method. The calibration curves were in the range of 5 to 200 ng mL−1. The limits of detection (LODs) of the method were from 0.08 to 4.0 μg kg−1 and limits of quantification (LOQs) were in the range of 0.2–12.0 μg kg−1. The average recoveries of the method ranged from 61% to 133.9% at two spiked levels of 20 and 100 μg kg−1 in red ginseng samples, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.2% to 14.9%