EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE GOODS : A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

In this paper I examine whether stringent environmental standards reduce the international competitiveness of environmentally sensitive industries using a comprehensive dataset of trade flows of environmentally sensitive goods (ESGs) disaggregated at the four-digit level of the Standard International Trade Classification. The data relate to the period from 1965 to 1995 and cover 34 countries which accounted for nearly 80 per cent of world exports of ESGs in 1995. The important empirical finding is that export performance of ESGs for most of the countries remained unchanged between the 1960s and 1990s despite the introduction of stringent environmental standards in most developed countries in the 1970s and 1980s. Thus the claim that higher environmental standards reduce the international competitiveness of ESGs can not be justified in the light of available data.environmentally sensitive goods, ESGs, Standard International Trade Classification, competitiveness

International Trade and Local Outsourcing

This paper establishes a crucial link between international trade and local organization of production. By using the standard Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model we show that international trade promotes fragmentation, entrepreneurship and outsourcing due to the capital cost effect and the scale effect. We also unveil one source of productivity and formalize a link between trade and productivity. We illustrate that both the scale effect and the flourish of entrepreneurial talent due to capital cost effect contribute to the improvement of productivity. For the import competing sector the productivity effect and the scale effect move against each other. Accordingly, the impacts of international trade on local outsourcing in export sector are different from that in import competing sector. Further, we find that the above findings still hold in a world where the intermediate goods are tradable. In addition, we demonstrate that a higher trading cost involved in trading the intermediate goods encourages fragmentation and local outsourcing.Trade; Outsourcing; Entrepreneurship; Productivity

Research on the Path of Digital Economy Promoting Export Trade under the Background of High-quality Development

Digital economy is an economic form based on information. It focuses on the role of value chain and industrial chain in many factors affecting the high-quality development of export trade. At the same time, based on the main characteristics of the digital economy, the paper analyzes the mechanism of the digital economy on the high-quality development of export trade, and the role of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization is more obvious. At this stage, if China wants to promote the high-quality development of export trade, it should promote the development of digital industrialization and stimulate the innovation ability of foreign trade enterprises. Improve the digitalization level of export trade industry and create a sound ecology for the development of international trade; Improve the basic services of the digital economy and expand the development space of export trade; Build a good development environment for export trade with the help of digital economy; Promote the diversification of export trade products, the diversification of main bodies, and the development of low-carbon