Applying the payment card approach to estimate the WTP for green food in China

This paper uses a payment card approach to reveal consumers' willingness to pay for green food in China. We first present a brief introduction of the payment card approach and introduce several methods to estimate the WTP with payment cards, which we subsequently use to estimate WTP values regarding green vegetables, green meat and green eggs in China. Our results indicate that consumers in big cities are willing to pay a higher premium for green food and that WTP values are relatively higher for more expensive food than for cheaper food. In addition, the ratios of premium to price range mainly between 25% and 50% and WTP values obtained from interval midpoint approach are relatively higher than those calculated by other approaches. --WTP,Payment card,Green food

P-domain and lectin site are involved in the chaperone function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae calnexin homologue

AbstractCne1p, a calnexin homologue from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been shown to possess a conserved P-domain and lectin site as mammalian calnexin. The effect of P-domain and lectin site on the function of Cne1p was investigated in vitro using recombinant P-domain, P-domain deletion mutant of Cne1p, and lectin site mutant of Cne1ps (E181A and E398A) The binding of monoglucosylated oligosaccharide (G1M9) with Cne1p was clearly demonstrated using lectin site mutants. The P-domain deletion mutant and the letcin site mutants partially decreased the ability to suppress the aggregation of citrate synthase (CS) and chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin at levels different from Cne1p. Furthermore, the P-domain deletion mutant and the lectin site mutants decreased the ability to enhance the refolding of CS. These results suggest that the cooperation between the P-domain and the lectin site are important for the complete function of Cne1p. Thus, we conclude that P-domain in cooperation with the lectin site of Cne1p functions as a chaperone