Failure of strong unique continuation for harmonic functions on RCD Spaces

Unique continuation of harmonic functions on $RCD$ space is a long-standing open problem, with little known even in the setting of Alexandrov spaces. In this paper, we establish the weak unique continuation theorem for harmonic functions on $RCD(K,2)$ spaces and give a counterexample for strong unique continuation in the setting of $RCD(K,N)$ space for any $N\geq 4$ and any $K\in \mathbb{R}$

Evaluation of Bletilla striata Polysaccharide Deproteinized System Based on Entropy Weighted TOPSIS Model

The entropy TOPSIS model was used to compare the effects of Sevage method， acetonitrile method and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method for removaling crude Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) protein, and to explore the rationality of entropy TOPSIS for BSP deproteinization system evaluation. Based on the comprehensive score of BSP retention rate and protein removal rate, the optimal treatment conditions were screened out. Nine evaluation indicators including monosaccharide components, oxidative radical scavenging ability (ORAC), and half scavenging concentration of DPPH radicals (IC50) were constructed. Supplemented by UV and FTIR, the entropy TOPSIS was used to evaluate the results of three BSP deproteinization programs. After comprehensive score, the best extraction times of sevage method was 1 time. At same time, the protein removal rate was 22.9%, and the polysaccharide retention rate was 99.11%. The optimal mass concentration of the TCA method was 10%, when the protein removal rate was 70.64%, and the polysaccharide retention rate was 70.03%. Compared with the ORAC values and IC50 of the three polysaccharide, it was found that the value of polysaccharide ORAC treated by the acetonitrile method was higher than that of the positive control group (P<0.05), and the polysaccharides treated by the Sevage method had the strongest antioxidant activity. The BSP deproteinization evaluation system was analyzed by the entropy TOPSIS model, and the sevage method deproteinization effect was the best and the expected result. The results showed that the entropy TOPSIS model could be used in the evaluation of BSP deproteinization system

Soybean Breeding on Seed Composition Trait

Soybean is a most important crop providing edible oil and plant protein source for human beings, in addition to animal feed because of high protein and oil content. This review summarized the progresses in the QTL mapping, candidate gene cloning and functional analysis and also the regulation of soybean oil and seed storage protein accumulation. Furthermore, as soybean genome has been sequenced and released, prospects of multiple omics and advanced biotechnology should be combined and applied for further refine research and high-quality breeding

AI is a viable alternative to high throughput screening: a 318-target study

: High throughput screening (HTS) is routinely used to identify bioactive small molecules. This requires physical compounds, which limits coverage of accessible chemical space. Computational approaches combined with vast on-demand chemical libraries can access far greater chemical space, provided that the predictive accuracy is sufficient to identify useful molecules. Through the largest and most diverse virtual HTS campaign reported to date, comprising 318 individual projects, we demonstrate that our AtomNet® convolutional neural network successfully finds novel hits across every major therapeutic area and protein class. We address historical limitations of computational screening by demonstrating success for target proteins without known binders, high-quality X-ray crystal structures, or manual cherry-picking of compounds. We show that the molecules selected by the AtomNet® model are novel drug-like scaffolds rather than minor modifications to known bioactive compounds. Our empirical results suggest that computational methods can substantially replace HTS as the first step of small-molecule drug discovery

Research advances of Ghrelin in metabolic diseases

Ghrelin, a newly discovered gastric peptide, involves in the regulation of various biological processes and plays important role in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes and obesity by effectively regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and anti-oxidation

Unique continuation problem on RCD Spaces. I

In this note we establish the weak unique continuation theorem for caloric functions on compact RCD(K, 2) spaces and show that there exists an RCD(K, 4) space on which there exist non-trivial eigenfunctions of the Laplacian and non-stationary solutions of the heat equation which vanish up to infinite order at one point . We also establish frequency estimates for eigenfunctions and caloric functions on the metric horn. In particular, this gives a strong unique continuation type result on the metric horn for harmonic functions with a high rate of decay at the horn tip, where it is known that the standard strong unique continuation property fails

A Superhydrophobic Alkali Activated Materials Coating by Facile Preparation

Alkali activated materials (AAMs) were considered as economical and environmentally friendly that have attracted incrementally attention as green coating materials. However, alkali activated materials were inclined to be infiltrated and ruined by harmful ions in water due to their hydrophilicity. And the ordinary ways of construct superhydrophobic coatings were costly, complex and need fluorine material. The superhydrophobic surfaces were fragile owing to the super-hydrophobicity of materials were controlled to surface merely. In this work, a facile, convenient and economical strategy to synthesize alkali activated slag materials (AAS) superhydrophobic coatings with excellent water repellence was developed. Herein, the hydrolysis and polymerization of triethoxy (octyl)silane (TTOS) were applied for generating micro/nanostructures to construct a three-dimensional overall superhydrophobic alkali activated slag materials coating. The water contact angle (CA) about surfaces and bottoms of superhydrophobic alkali activated slag materials coatings were 150.2&deg;, 152&deg; and the water rolling angle (SA) of surfaces and bottoms were 5&deg;, 4&deg; respectively. Besides, the superhydrophobic alkali activated slag materials coatings demonstrated excellent mechanical abrasion effect that still maintain super-hydrophobicity after sandpaper abrasion stand. Super-hydrophobicity of coatings could be regenerated by simple sandpaper rubbing when they were attacked chemically. Concisely, the superhydrophobic alkali activated slag materials coatings were show the benefit of affordable and feasibility so that they have the potential for expandable industrial promotion

Frontrunning Block Attack in PoA Clique: A Case Study

International audienceAs a fundamental technology of decentralized finance (DeFi), blockchain's ability to maintain a distributed fair ledger is threatened by manipulation of block/transaction order. In this paper, we propose a frontrunning block attack against the Clique-based Proof of Authority (PoA) algorithms. Our attack can frontrun blocks from honest in-turn sealers by breaking the proper order of leader selection. By falsifying the priority parameters (both difficulty and delay time), a malicious out-of-turn sealer can always successfully occupy the leader position and produce advantageous blocks that may contain profitable transactions. As a typical instance, we apply our attack to a mature Clique-engined project, HPB ($3,058,901, as of April 2022). Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility. Then, we further recommend fixes that make identity checks effective. Our investigation and suggestion have been submitted to its official team and got their approval. We believe this work can act as, at least, a warning case for Clique variants to avoid repeating these design mistakes