Microstructural Study of High Temperature Creep in Q460E Steel Based on the Solidification Method

A tensile creep test has been carried out to study the high temperature creep mechanism of Q460E steel and thus develop a better understanding about how the creep phenomenon affects the performance of a cast slab. Because the heating process in the solidification method is more similar to the actual solidification process of casting a slab, the high temperature tensile creep test was conducted by using the solidification method. Further observation of the microstructure was carried out after the tensile creep test has been carried out. The microstructure of the Q460E steel after the high temperature tensile creep test and water quenching observed with a metallographic microscope revealed mainly martensite and retained austenite. From the observation with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) it could be found that dislocation and its substructure were the root cause which triggered high temperature creep deformation of the Q460E steel. In addition, the formation of a subboundary also provided the impetus to creep deformation

L1\u3csub\u3e0\u3c/sub\u3e Ordered FePt:C Composite Films With (001) Texture

Highly textured (001) FePt:C nanocomposite thin films, deposited directly on thermally oxidized Si wafers, are obtained by multilayer deposition plus subsequent thermal annealing. Nanostructures, crystalline orientations, interactions, and magnetic properties are investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic force microscopy, and magnetic measurements. The formation of the ordered L10 phase is confirmed by XRD, and only visible (00 ) peaks indicate a high degree of the (001) texture. TEM observation reveals that FePt grains are embedded in the C matrix and appear to be well isolated

Genetic diversity of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a medicinal fungus endemic to the Tibetan Plateau: Implications for its evolution and conservation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Ophiocordyceps sinensis </it>(syn. <it>Cordyceps sinensis</it>), endemic to alpine regions on the Tibetan plateau, is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi in the world. Huge commercial demand has led to excessive harvest and a dramatic decline in its numbers. The diversity of terrains and climates on the Tibetan Plateau and the broad insect host range (more than 50 species in the family Hepialidae) may have resulted in substantial intraspecific genetic diversity for this fungus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the population distribution of <it>O. sinensis </it>from geographically diverse regions of the Tibetan Plateau based on nrDNA ITS and <it>MAT1-2-1 </it>gene sequences. Understanding of the genetic diversity and genesis of <it>O. sinensis </it>will provide important information for the evolution and conservation of this fungus.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant sequence variations in the ITS and <it>MAT1-2-1 </it>genes (27 and 23 informative sites, eight and seven haplotypes, respectively) were observed. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences, <it>MAT1-2-1 </it>sequences, or their combined data set, clustered isolates from northern regions in one clade (clade I), whereas isolates from southern regions were dispersed in all four clades (clade I-IV). Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analyses of 2639 ITS clones from seven samples revealed 91 different SSCP patterns that were subsequently sequenced. ITS heterogeneity was found in XZ-LZ07-H1 (Nyingchi population), and 17 informative sites and five haplotypes were detected from 15 clones. The five haplotypes clustered into three clades (clade I, II, and IV).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Significant genetic divergence in <it>O. sinensis </it>was observed and the genetic diversification was greater among southern isolates than that among northern isolates. The polymorphism of nrDNA ITS sequences suggested that <it>O. sinensis </it>spread from a center of origin (the Nyingchi District) to southern regions and subsequently to northern areas. These results suggest that southern populations are important reservoirs of genetic diversity and should be taken into account in conservation programs.</p

Strategies for Searching Video Content with Text Queries or Video Examples

The large number of user-generated videos uploaded on to the Internet everyday has led to many commercial video search engines, which mainly rely on text metadata for search. However, metadata is often lacking for user-generated videos, thus these videos are unsearchable by current search engines. Therefore, content-based video retrieval (CBVR) tackles this metadata-scarcity problem by directly analyzing the visual and audio streams of each video. CBVR encompasses multiple research topics, including low-level feature design, feature fusion, semantic detector training and video search/reranking. We present novel strategies in these topics to enhance CBVR in both accuracy and speed under different query inputs, including pure textual queries and query by video examples. Our proposed strategies have been incorporated into our submission for the TRECVID 2014 Multimedia Event Detection evaluation, where our system outperformed other submissions in both text queries and video example queries, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed approaches

Positron trapping at the effective open volume in FeCr alloy containing hydrogen/helium atoms

4th Japan-China Joint Workshop on Positron Science (JWPS2019)Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) is a sensitive probe of the shallow traps of light charged particles such as He/H embedded in solids. The nature of the shallow traps that attract positrons–i.e., whether the properties of the light charged particles or the number of particles contained in the traps affects the probability of positron capture–has so far remained unresolved. Here, the shallow traps of positron in FeCr alloy, namely (H, He)–V nano-clusters with open volume, have been investigated by first-principles calculations and a multi-grid based program package for electronic structure calculations. Various defect structures were modeled, including vacancies, interstitial helium atoms, and helium or hydrogen atoms occupying Fe vacancy sites. We calculated the charge density distribution at the (H, He)–V nano-clusters, and the results show that the charge density at the He/H–V clusters is significantly lower than around the neighboring Fe/Cr sites. The calculated lifetimes of positrons confined in the shallow traps are consistent with the effective open volume of the (H, He)–V complexes. These results suggest that a helium atom forms a more repulsive ion core than a hydrogen atom when it occupies the vacancy, resulting in a decrease in positron lifetime