Distributed interaction between computer virus and patch: A modeling study

The decentralized patch distribution mechanism holds significant promise as an alternative to its centralized counterpart. For the purpose of accurately evaluating the performance of the decentralized patch distribution mechanism and based on the exact SIPS model that accurately captures the average dynamics of the interaction between viruses and patches, a new virus-patch interacting model, which is known as the generic SIPS model, is proposed. This model subsumes the linear SIPS model. The dynamics of the generic SIPS model is studied comprehensively. In particular, a set of criteria for the final extinction or/and long-term survival of viruses or/and patches are presented. Some conditions for the linear SIPS model to accurately capture the average dynamics of the virus-patch interaction are empirically found. As a consequence, the linear SIPS model can be adopted as a standard model for assessing the performance of the distributed patch distribution mechanism, provided the proper conditions are satisfied

2,2′-Dimethyl-1,1′-[2,2-bis­(bromo­methyl)propane-1,3-di­yl]dibenzimidazole hemihydrate

The title compound, C21H22Br2N4·0.5H2O, contains two benzimidazole groups which may provide two potential coordination nodes for the construction of metal–organic frameworks. The mean planes of the two imidazole groups are almost perpendicular, with a dihedral angle of 83.05 (2)°, and adjacent mol­ecules are linked into a one-dimensional chain by π–π stacking inter­actions between imidazole groups of different mol­ecules [centroid-to-centroid distances of 3.834 (2) and 3.522 (2) Å]

3-Carb­oxy­quinolin-1-ium-2-carboxyl­ate monohydrate

The title compound, C11H7NO4·H2O, contains a 3-carb­oxy­quinolin-1-ium-2-carboxyl­ate (qda) zwitterion and one water mol­ecule. In the crystal, pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into inversion dimers, and these dimers are further connected by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional supra­molecular architecture. In addition, π–π inter­actions occur between pyridine and benzene rings from different qda ligands [centroid–centroid distance = 3.749 (1) Å] and the dihedral angles of the –CO2H and –CO2 groups to the quinoline system are 8.47 (3) and 88.16 (6)°, respectively