Utilizing the Effects of the Fulbright Program in Contemporary China: Motivational Elements in Chinese Scholars’ Post-Fulbright Life

The expansion of the Fulbright Program in China since 2004 represents a larger pool of Chinese intellectuals who have been enlightened in America and are expected to put their enhanced human capital to good use back home. While the Chinese scholars generally perceive the professional and personal effects of their Fulbright experience as tremendous, they have significantly underutilized these effects, largely due to the institutional and sociocultural constraints within China. The study concludes that given the institutional incompatibility between China and America, and laden with cultural baggage, the “enlightened” Chinese intellectuals could hardly live up to the U.S. government’s expectations

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE TAKE-OFF SPEED OF AERIALS OF FREESTYLE SKIING

The take-off speed of freestyle skiing aerials is one of the key factors which can decide the success. However, the take-off speed depends on snow quality, circumstance condition, in-run slope angle, in-run distance, air resistance and skiers’ action. By using sports biomechanics, mathematical model and numerical simulation method and combining theory with experiment, this study sets up a mathematical model of outside circumstance and skiers’ self-adjustment, simulates the changes of inside and outside stress in each stage of sliding, calculates the parameters intuitively and then forms into speed values. The setup of this model can provide scientific guidance for ensuring necessary take-off speed for specific actions

Dynamic Patch-aware Enrichment Transformer for Occluded Person Re-Identification

Person re-identification (re-ID) continues to pose a significant challenge, particularly in scenarios involving occlusions. Prior approaches aimed at tackling occlusions have predominantly focused on aligning physical body features through the utilization of external semantic cues. However, these methods tend to be intricate and susceptible to noise. To address the aforementioned challenges, we present an innovative end-to-end solution known as the Dynamic Patch-aware Enrichment Transformer (DPEFormer). This model effectively distinguishes human body information from occlusions automatically and dynamically, eliminating the need for external detectors or precise image alignment. Specifically, we introduce a dynamic patch token selection module (DPSM). DPSM utilizes a label-guided proxy token as an intermediary to identify informative occlusion-free tokens. These tokens are then selected for deriving subsequent local part features. To facilitate the seamless integration of global classification features with the finely detailed local features selected by DPSM, we introduce a novel feature blending module (FBM). FBM enhances feature representation through the complementary nature of information and the exploitation of part diversity. Furthermore, to ensure that DPSM and the entire DPEFormer can effectively learn with only identity labels, we also propose a Realistic Occlusion Augmentation (ROA) strategy. This strategy leverages the recent advances in the Segment Anything Model (SAM). As a result, it generates occlusion images that closely resemble real-world occlusions, greatly enhancing the subsequent contrastive learning process. Experiments on occluded and holistic re-ID benchmarks signify a substantial advancement of DPEFormer over existing state-of-the-art approaches. The code will be made publicly available.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Di-μ-aqua-bis­{triaqua­[5-(1-oxopyridin-4-yl)tetra­zol-1-ido]sodium}

In the title compound, [Na2(C6H4N5O)2(H2O)8], the NaI atom is in a distorted octahedral environment defined by six O atoms, one from the 5-(1-oxopyridin-4-yl)tetra­zolide anion and five from water mol­ecules. Two water mol­ecules act as bridging ligands, resulting in the formation of dimeric units organized around inversion centers. In the organic anion, the pyridine and tetra­zole rings are nearly coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 4.62 (1)°. The dimeric units and organic anions are connected by O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network

Hexaaqua­magnesium dibromide 5-(pyridinium-3-yl)tetra­zol-1-ide

In the title compound, [Mg(H2O)6]Br2·2C6H5N5, the MgII atom, lying on an inversion center, is coordinated by six water mol­ecules in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The pyridine and tetra­zole rings in the 5-(pyridinium-3-yl)tetra­zol-1-ide zwitterion are nearly coplanar, twisted from each other by a dihedral angle of 5.70 (1)°. The zwitterions, Br anions and complex cations are connected by O—H⋯Br, O—H⋯N and N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network

4-(1H-Tetra­zol-5-yl)pyridinium bromide

In the cation of the title compound, C6H6N5 +·Br−, the pyridine and tetra­zole rings are nearly coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 6.41 (2)°. The organic cations inter­act with the Br− anions by N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of chains parallel to the b axis

Effects of Maillard-type caseinate glycation on the preventive action of caseinate digests in acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IEC-6 cells

Dietary acrylamide has attracted widespread concern due to its toxic effects; however, its adverse impact on the intestines is less assessed. Protein glycation of the Maillard-type is widely used for property modification, but its potential effect on preventive efficacy of protein digest against the acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is quite unknown. Caseinate was thus glycated with lactose. Two tryptic digests from the glycated caseinate and untreated caseinate (namely GCN digest and CN digest) were then assessed for their protective effects against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in the IEC-6 cell model. The results showed that acrylamide at 1.25–10 mmol L(−1) dose-dependently had cytotoxic effects on IEC-6 cells, leading to decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release. Acrylamide also brought about barrier dysfunction, including decreased trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value and increased epithelial permeability. However, the two digests at 12.5–100 μg mL(−1) could alleviate this dysfunction via enhancing cell viability by 70.2–83.9%, partly restoring TEER values, and decreasing epithelial permeability from 100% to 76.6–94.1%. The two digests at 25 μg mL(−1) strengthened the tight junctions via increasing tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 expression by 11.5–68.6%. However, the results also suggested that the GCN digest always showed lower protective efficacy than the CN digest in the cells. It is concluded that Maillard-type caseinate glycation with lactose endows the resultant tryptic digest with impaired preventive effect against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, highlighting another adverse effect of the Maillard reaction on food proteins