96 research outputs found
A Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) Glycoprotein D-expressing Nonreplicating Dominant-Negative HSV-2 Virus Vaccine Is Superior to a gD2 Subunit Vaccine against HSV-2 Genital Infection in Guinea Pigs
We recently constructed a novel non-replicating dominant-negative HSV-2 recombinant viral vaccine (CJ2-gD2) capable of expressing various HSV-2 antigens that are dominant targets of HSV-2-specific CD8 T-cell response. Importantly, CJ2-gD2 expresses gD2, the HSV-2 major antigen glycoprotein D, as efficiently as wild-type HSV-2 infection and can lead to a nearly 500-fold reduction in wild-type HSV-2 viral replication in cells co-infected with CJ2-gD2 and wild-type HSV-2. In this report, we show that CJ2-gD2 elicits a strong antibody response to various HSV-2 antigens and is highly effective in the prevention of primary and recurrent HSV-2 genital infection and disease in the immunized guinea pigs. The direct comparison study between CJ2-gD2 and a gD2 subunit vaccine (gD2-alum/MPL) with a formulation akin to a vaccine tested in phase III clinical trials shows that CJ2-gD2 is 8 times more effective than the gD2-alum/MPL subunit vaccine in eliciting an anti-HSV-2 specific neutralizing antibody response and offers significantly superior protection against primary and recurrent HSV-2 genital infections. Importantly, no challenge wild-type HSV-2 viral DNA was detectable in dorsal root ganglia DNA isolated from CJ2-gD2-immunized guinea pigs on day 60 post-challenge. CJ2-gD2 should be an excellent HSV-2 vaccine candidate for protection against HSV-2 genital infection and disease in humans
SAR2EO: A High-resolution Image Translation Framework with Denoising Enhancement
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to electro-optical (EO) image translation is a
fundamental task in remote sensing that can enrich the dataset by fusing
information from different sources. Recently, many methods have been proposed
to tackle this task, but they are still difficult to complete the conversion
from low-resolution images to high-resolution images. Thus, we propose a
framework, SAR2EO, aiming at addressing this challenge. Firstly, to generate
high-quality EO images, we adopt the coarse-to-fine generator, multi-scale
discriminators, and improved adversarial loss in the pix2pixHD model to
increase the synthesis quality. Secondly, we introduce a denoising module to
remove the noise in SAR images, which helps to suppress the noise while
preserving the structural information of the images. To validate the
effectiveness of the proposed framework, we conduct experiments on the dataset
of the Multi-modal Aerial View Imagery Challenge (MAVIC), which consists of
large-scale SAR and EO image pairs. The experimental results demonstrate the
superiority of our proposed framework, and we win the first place in the MAVIC
held in CVPR PBVS 2023
Low-mass dark matter search results from full exposure of PandaX-I experiment
We report the results of a weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark
matter search using the full 80.1\;live-day exposure of the first stage of the
PandaX experiment (PandaX-I) located in the China Jin-Ping Underground
Laboratory. The PandaX-I detector has been optimized for detecting low-mass
WIMPs, achieving a photon detection efficiency of 9.6\%. With a fiducial liquid
xenon target mass of 54.0\,kg, no significant excess event were found above the
expected background. A profile likelihood analysis confirms our earlier finding
that the PandaX-I data disfavor all positive low-mass WIMP signals reported in
the literature under standard assumptions. A stringent bound on the low mass
WIMP is set at WIMP mass below 10\,GeV/c, demonstrating that liquid xenon
detectors can be competitive for low-mass WIMP searches.Comment: v3 as accepted by PRD. Minor update in the text in response to
referee comments. Separating Fig. 11(a) and (b) into Fig. 11 and Fig. 12.
Legend tweak in Fig. 9(b) and 9(c) as suggested by referee, as well as a
missing legend for CRESST-II legend in Fig. 12 (now Fig. 13). Same version as
submitted to PR
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