83 research outputs found
Band Structure Engineering of Interfacial Semiconductors Based on Atomically Thin Lead Iodide Crystals
To explore new constituents in two-dimensional materials and to combine their
best in van der Waals heterostructures, are in great demand as being unique
platform to discover new physical phenomena and to design novel functionalities
in interface-based devices. Herein, PbI2 crystals as thin as few-layers are
first synthesized, particularly through a facile low-temperature solution
approach with the crystals of large size, regular shape, different thicknesses
and high-yields. As a prototypical demonstration of flexible band engineering
of PbI2-based interfacial semiconductors, these PbI2 crystals are subsequently
assembled with several transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. The
photoluminescence of MoS2 is strongly enhanced in MoS2/PbI2 stacks, while a
dramatic photoluminescence quenching of WS2 and WSe2 is revealed in WS2/PbI2
and WSe2/PbI2 stacks. This is attributed to the effective heterojunction
formation between PbI2 and these monolayers, but type I band alignment in
MoS2/PbI2 stacks where fast-transferred charge carriers accumulate in MoS2 with
high emission efficiency, and type II in WS2/PbI2 and WSe2/PbI2 stacks with
separated electrons and holes suitable for light harvesting. Our results
demonstrate that MoS2, WS2, WSe2 monolayers with very similar electronic
structures themselves, show completely distinct light-matter interactions when
interfacing with PbI2, providing unprecedent capabilities to engineer the
device performance of two-dimensional heterostructures.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figure
Natural foods resources and dietary ingredients for the amelioration of Helicobacter pylori infection
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric-persistent pathogen that can cause peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This pathogen is commonly treated with antibiotic-based triple or quadruple therapy. However, antibiotic therapy could result in the bacterial resistance, imbalance of gut microbiota, and damage to the liver and kidneys, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Interestingly, natural food resources, like vegetables, fruits, spices, and edible herbs, have potent inhibitory effects on H. pylori. In this review, we systematically summarized these foods with supporting evidence from both animal and clinical studies. The results have indicated that natural foods may possess temporary inhibition effect on H. pylori rather than durable eradication, and may help to reduce H. pylori colonization, enhance the effect of antibiotics and modulate the host’s immune response
Finerenone in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: FIDELIO-DKD subgroup from China
Background: This prespecified subgroup analysis of the FIDELIO-DKD trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.
Methods: Three hundred and seventy-two participants were recruited from 67 centers in China and randomized 1:1 to oral finerenone or placebo with standard therapy for T2DM. The primary composite outcome included kidney failure, sustained decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 40% from baseline over at least 4 weeks, or renal death. The key secondary composite outcome included death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure.
Results: After a median follow-up of 30 months, the finerenone group showed a relative risk reduction (RRR) of 41% (hazard ratio [HR]=0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 0.88; p=0.009) for the primary composite outcome compared with placebo, consistent across its components with treatment benefits with finerenone. Based on an absolute between-group difference of 12.2% after 30 months, the number of patients who needed to be treated (NNT) with finerenone to prevent one primary outcome event was eight (95%CI: 4 to 84). For the key secondary composite outcome, the finerenone group showed a RRR of 25% (HR=0.75, 95% CI, 0.38 to 1.48; p=0.408). Adverse events were similar between the two groups. The effects of finerenone on blood pressure were modest. No gynecomastia events were reported in the study. Hyperkalemia leading to discontinuation occurred in eight (4.3%) and two (1.1%) participants in the finerenone and control groups, respectively. The incidence of acute kidney injury was comparable between the two groups (1.6% vs. 1.6%).
Conclusions: Finerenone resulted in lower risks of CKD progression than placebo and a balanced safety profile in Chinese patients with CKD and T2DM
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