398 research outputs found
Toward effective protection against diffusion based mimicry through score distillation
While generative diffusion models excel in producing high-quality images,
they can also be misused to mimic authorized images, posing a significant
threat to AI systems. Efforts have been made to add calibrated perturbations to
protect images from diffusion-based mimicry pipelines. However, most of the
existing methods are too ineffective and even impractical to be used by
individual users due to their high computation and memory requirements. In this
work, we present novel findings on attacking latent diffusion models (LDM) and
propose new plug-and-play strategies for more effective protection. In
particular, we explore the bottleneck in attacking an LDM, discovering that the
encoder module rather than the denoiser module is the vulnerable point. Based
on this insight, we present our strategy using Score Distillation Sampling
(SDS) to double the speed of protection and reduce memory occupation by half
without compromising its strength. Additionally, we provide a robust protection
strategy by counterintuitively minimizing the semantic loss, which can assist
in generating more natural perturbations. Finally, we conduct extensive
experiments to substantiate our findings and comprehensively evaluate our newly
proposed strategies. We hope our insights and protective measures can
contribute to better defense against malicious diffusion-based mimicry,
advancing the development of secure AI systems. The code is available in
https://github.com/xavihart/Diff-ProtectComment: ICLR 2024 Conference Paper, the code is available in
https://github.com/xavihart/Diff-Protec
The Collins asymmetry in electroproduction of Kaon at the electron ion colliders within TMD factorization
We apply the transverse momentum dependent factorization formalism to
investigate the transverse single spin dependent Collins asymmetry with a
modulation in the semi-inclusive production of Kaon meson
in deep inelastic scattering process. The asymmetry is contributed by the
convolutions of the transversity distribution function of the target
proton and the Collins function of the Kaon in the final state. We adopt the
available parametrization of as well as the recent extracted result
for the Kaon Collins function. To perform the transverse momentum dependent
evolution, the parametrization of the nonperturbative Sudakov form factor of
the proton and final state Kaon are utilized. We numerically predict the
Collins asymmetry for charged Kaon production at the electron ion colliders
within the accuracy of next-to-leading-logarithmic order. It is found that the
asymmetry is sizable and could be measured. We emphasize the importance of
planned electron ion colliders in the aspect of constraining sea quark
distribution functions as well as accessing the information of the nucleon spin
structure and the hadronization mechanism
CA2: Cyber Attacks Analytics
The VAST Challenge 2020 Mini-Challenge 1 requires participants to identify
the responsible white hat groups behind a fictional Internet outage. To address
this task, we have created a visual analytics system named CA2: Cyber Attacks
Analytics. This system is designed to efficiently compare and match subgraphs
within an extensive graph containing anonymized profiles. Additionally, we
showcase an iterative workflow that utilizes our system's capabilities to
pinpoint the responsible group.Comment: IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST)
Challenge Workshop 202
Electric quadrupole second harmonic generation revealing dual magnetic orders in a magnetic Weyl semimetal
Broken symmetries and electronic topology are nicely manifested together in
the second order nonlinear optical responses from topologically nontrivial
materials. While second order nonlinear optical effects from the electric
dipole (ED) contribution have been extensively explored in polar Weyl
semimetals (WSMs) with broken spatial inversion (SI) symmetry, they are rarely
studied in centrosymmetric magnetic WSMs with broken time reversal (TR)
symmetry due to complete suppression of the ED contribution. Here, we report
experimental demonstration of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in a
magnetic WSM CoSnS from the electric quadrupole (EQ)
contribution. By tracking the temperature dependence of the rotation anisotropy
(RA) of SHG, we capture two magnetic phase transitions, with both the SHG
intensity increasing and its RA pattern rotating at =175K and
=120K subsequently. The fitted critical exponents for the SHG
intensity and RA orientation near and suggest that the
magnetic phase at is a 3D Ising-type out-of-plane ferromagnetism
while the other at is a 3D XY-type all-in-all-out in-plane
antiferromagnetism. Our results show the success of detection and exploration
of EQ SHG in a centrosymmetric magnetic WSM, and hence open the pathway towards
the future investigation of its tie to the band topology.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
JAX-FEM: A differentiable GPU-accelerated 3D finite element solver for automatic inverse design and mechanistic data science
This paper introduces JAX-FEM, an open-source differentiable finite element
method (FEM) library. Constructed on top of Google JAX, a rising machine
learning library focusing on high-performance numerical computing, JAX-FEM is
implemented with pure Python while scalable to efficiently solve problems with
moderate to large sizes. For example, in a 3D tensile loading problem with 7.7
million degrees of freedom, JAX-FEM with GPU achieves around 10
acceleration compared to a commercial FEM code depending on platform. Beyond
efficiently solving forward problems, JAX-FEM employs the automatic
differentiation technique so that inverse problems are solved in a fully
automatic manner without the need to manually derive sensitivities. Examples of
3D topology optimization of nonlinear materials are shown to achieve optimal
compliance. Finally, JAX-FEM is an integrated platform for machine
learning-aided computational mechanics. We show an example of data-driven
multi-scale computations of a composite material where JAX-FEM provides an
all-in-one solution from microscopic data generation and model training to
macroscopic FE computations. The source code of the library and these examples
are shared with the community to facilitate computational mechanics research
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Medical service unity: an effective approach for medical care in rural areas in China
Medical care in rural China has long suffered because of a concentration of medical resources in major hospitals in cities. The patients in rural areas thus do not have affordable access to quality medical services. To tackle such issues, a tiered medical scheme (TMS) was promoted by the Chinese State Council in 2015. It divides hospitals into three tiers and encourages collaborations among different tiers within a region in order to provide better accessibility to medical care for patients in rural areas. The implementation of the TMS policy has not been successful, because the previous funding model, which allocated funding to each hospital according to the number of patients treated, did not facilitate close collaborations between different hospitals. In this report, the medical service unity (MSU) approach, which has been piloted in Funan county, is reported. The MSU organises the tiered hospitals as a unity in terms of medical capabilities and financial abilities. With the radical reform of financial decentralisation, three flows are thereby enabled: the funding flow binds together the hospitals into a unity, the patient flow shares the load across the providers and eases barriers to access, and the resource flow ensures accessibility and affordability for patients. The MSU approach has been shown by the pilot project in Funan to be effective for the realisation of the TMS policy, benefiting hospitals, doctors and patients. The successful experience of the Funan MSU could be introduced to other regions across China and other countries. In particular, future finance reform policies for the health system would largely benefit the health reforms and especially the decentralisation of medical resources to rural areas
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