Effect of congenital ptosis on astigmatism and axis length

AIM: To investigate the effects of congenital ptosis degree on total astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, intraocular astigmatism and axis length, and to discuss the relation with amblyopia. <p>METHODS: Fifty patients(100 eyes)with congenital ptosis were selected and divided into four groups: 33 eyes in group Ⅰ(normal); 20 eyes in group Ⅱ(mild); 17 eyes in group Ⅲ(moderate); 30 eyes in group Ⅳ(severity). Firstly, they received standardized medical optometry. Absolute value of astigmatism was recorded as total astigmatism. Then, corneal topography was used to measure double eyes for at least 3 times, and the best results were used to record the SimK. Define absolute value of △SimK as corneal astigmatism. Finally, axial length was measured for 5 times by A super-measurement, and take the mean value. Formula: intraocular astigmatism=total astigmatism-corneal astigmatism.<p>RESULTS: There was a significance difference between total astigmatism and cornea astigmatism(<i>P</i>=0.000, 0.002<0.05). Also they were positive correlation with severity of ptosis(Spearman <i>r</i>_s=0.514, 0.721,<i>P</i><0.05), but there was not significance difference in axial orientation, intraocular astigmatism and axial length(all <i>P</i>>0.05). The axial orientation, intraocular astigmatism had no correlation with severity of ptosis.<p>CONCLUSION: The congenital ptosis affects on eye astigmatism through the change of cornea astigmatism, which is related to severity of ptosis, but has no effect on axial length. The rate of amblyopia is higher than normal on congenital ptosisespecially severity. Amblyopia is related to high astigmatism which is moderate astigmatism with rule

Study of Peeling of Single Crystal Silicon by Intense Pulsed Ion Beam

The surface peeling process induced by intense pulsed ion beam (IPIB) irradiation was studied. Single crystal silicon specimens were treated by IPIB with accelerating voltage of 350 kV current density of 130 A/cm2. It is observed that under smaller numbers of IPIB shots, the surface may undergo obvious melting and evaporation..

Recent progress in pneumococcal protein vaccines

Pneumococcal infections continue to pose a significant global health concern, necessitating the development of effective vaccines. Despite the progress shown by pneumococcal polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines, their limited coverage and the emergence of non-vaccine serotypes have highlighted the need for alternative approaches. Protein-based pneumococcal vaccines, targeting conserved surface proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae, have emerged as a promising strategy. In this review, we provide an overview of the advancements made in the development of pneumococcal protein vaccines. We discuss the key protein vaccine candidates, highlight their vaccination results in animal studies, and explore the challenges and future directions in protein-based pneumococcal vaccine

Study of Peeling of Single Crystal Silicon by Intense Pulsed Ion Beam

The surface peeling process induced by intense pulsed ion beam (IPIB) irradiation was studied. Single crystal silicon specimens were treated by IPIB with accelerating voltage of 350 kV current density of 130 A/cm2. It is observed that under smaller numbers of IPIB shots, the surface may undergo obvious melting and evaporation..

Preclinical Models for Investigation of Herbal Medicines in Liver Diseases: Update and Perspective

Liver disease results from a dynamic pathological process associated with cellular and genetic alterations, which may progress stepwise to liver dysfunction. Commonly, liver disease begins with hepatocyte injury, followed by persistent episodes of cellular regeneration, inflammation, and hepatocyte death that may ultimately lead to nonreversible liver failure. For centuries, herbal remedies have been used for a variety of liver diseases and recent studies have identified the active compounds that may interact with liver disease-associated targets. Further study on the herbal remedies may lead to the formulation of next generation medicines with hepatoprotective, antifibrotic, and anticancer properties. Still, the pharmacological actions of vast majority of herbal remedies remain unknown; thus, extensive preclinical studies are important. In this review, we summarize progress made over the last five years of the most commonly used preclinical models of liver diseases that are used to screen for curative herbal medicines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, and liver. We also summarize the proposed mechanisms associated with the observed liver-protective, antifibrotic, and anticancer actions of several promising herbal medicines and discuss the challenges faced in this research field

Study on Ablation Products of Zinc by Intense Pulsed Ion Beam Irradiation

As a kind of flash heat source, intense pulse ion beam can be used for material surface modification. The ablation effect has important influence on interaction between IPIB and material. Therefore, the understanding of ablation mechanism is of great significance to IPIB application..

C9orf72 mutation is rare in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and essential tremor in China

GGGGCC repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene have been identified as a major contributing factor in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Given the overlapping of clinical phenotypes and pathological characteristics between these two diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and essential tremor (ET), we speculated regarding whether C9orf72 repeat expansions also play a major role in these three diseases. Using the repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction method, we screened for C9orf72 in three groups of patients with PD (n = 911), AD (n = 279), and ET (n = 152) in the Chinese Han population. There were no pathogenic repeats (>30 repeats) detected in either the patients or controls (n = 314), which indicated that the pathogenic expansions of C9orf72 might be rare in these three diseases. However, the analysis of the association between the number of repeats (p = 0.001), short/intermediate genotype (short: <7 repeats; intermediate: ≥7 repeats) (odds ratio 1.37 [1.05, 1.79]), intermediate/intermediate genotype (Odds ratio 2.03 [1.17, 3.54]), and PD risks indicated that intermediate repeat alleles could act as contributors to PD. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the correlation between C9orf72 and Chinese PD, AD, or ET patients. Additionally, the results of this study suggest the novel idea that the intermediate repeat allele in C9orf72 is most likely a risk factor for PD

Study of the intense pulsed electron beam energy spectrum from BIPPAB-450

Intense pulsed particle beams have been widely used and studied as an effective method for material surface modification in the past several decades. Beihang Intense Pulsed PArticle Beams 450 accelerator (BIPPAB-450) can produce Intense Pulsed Ion Beams (IPIB) and Electron Beams (IPEB) in two modes with different Magnetically Insulated Diodes (MID). For IPEB, the pulse duration, accelerating voltage, total beam current are 100ns, up to 450keV and 3kA, respectively..