48,715 research outputs found
An empirical evaluation of four variants of a universal species-area relationship
The Maximum Entropy Theory of Ecology (METE) predicts a universal
species-area relationship (SAR) that can be fully characterized using only the
total abundance (N) and species richness (S) at a single spatial scale. This
theory has shown promise for characterizing scale dependence in the SAR.
However, there are currently four different approaches to applying METE to
predict the SAR and it is unclear which approach should be used due to a lack
of empirical evaluation. Specifically, METE can be applied recursively or a
non-recursively and can use either a theoretical or observed species-abundance
distribution (SAD). We compared the four different combinations of approaches
using empirical data from 16 datasets containing over 1000 species and 300,000
individual trees and herbs. In general, METE accurately downscaled the SAR
(R^2> 0.94), but the recursive approach consistently under-predicted richness,
and METEs accuracy did not depend strongly on using the observed or predicted
SAD. This suggests that best approach to scaling diversity using METE is to use
a combination of non-recursive scaling and the theoretical abundance
distribution, which allows predictions to be made across a broad range of
spatial scales with only knowledge of the species richness and total abundance
at a single scale.Comment: main text: 20 pages, 2 tables, 3 figure
CP violation in Higgs decays
We study CP violation in fermion pair decays of Higgs boson. We idenfy some
CP odd observables related to the tree level decay amplitude. We find that a
few thousand Higgs boson decay events can already provide important information
about CP violation. If the Higgs boson is produced, such an analysis could be
carried out at the SSC, LHC and NLC.Comment: 9 pages, Revtex, UM-P-93/11, OZ-93/
Superconducting Surface Impedance under Radiofrequency Field
Based on BCS theory with moving Cooper pairs, the electron states
distribution at 0K and the probability of electron occupation with finite
temperature have been derived and applied to anomalous skin effect theory to
obtain the surface impedance of a superconductor under radiofrequency (RF)
field. We present the numerical results for Nb and compare these with
representative RF field-dependent effective surface resistance measurements
from a 1.5 GHz resonant structure
Half-Heusler Topological Insulators: A First-Principle Study with the Tran-Blaha Modified Becke-Johnson Density Functional
We systematically investigate the topological band structures of half-Heusler
compounds using first-principles calculations. The modified Becke-Johnson
exchange potential together with local density approximation for the
correlation potential (MBJLDA) has been used here to obtain accurate band
inversion strength and band order. Our results show that a large number of
half-Heusler compounds are candidates for three-dimensional topological
insulators. The difference between band structures obtained using the local
density approximation (LDA) and MBJLDA potential is also discussed.Comment: 5 figures, 1 tabl
Pomeron loops in zero transverse dimensions
We analyze a toy model which has a structure similar to that of the recently
found QCD evolution equations, but without transverse dimensions. We develop
two different but equivalent methods in order to compute the leading-order and
next-to-leading order Pomeron loop diagrams. In addition to the leading-order
result which has been derived from Mueller's toy model~\cite% {Mueller:1994gb},
we can also calculate the next-to-leading order contribution which provides the
correction. We interpret this result and discuss its
possible implications for the four-dimensional QCD evolution.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
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