MOBS-TD: Multiobjective Band Selection With Ideal Solution Optimization Strategy for Hyperspectral Target Detection

Band selection (BS) is a crucial concept within the realm of remote sensing, involving the selection of the most suitable bands to accurately capture features of landforms and surfaces. Despite the promising results achieved by many existing methods, certain limitations remain. First, most methods rely on a single criterion for band evaluation, leading to an incomplete assessment and limited generalizability of bands. Second, there is a lack of emphasis on target detection; thus, some BS techniques commonly used for classification are less effective for detection. Therefore, this article proposes MOBS-TD, a multiobjective optimization (MO) based BS method specifically designed for target detection, which aims to select bands with better target separation and stronger robustness across various application scenes. Initially, we develop an MO model with three objectives and introduce a novel metric to quantify the target–background separability of bands. Subsequently, a weighted similarity to ideal solution strategy is developed to clearly describe the dominance relations and strike a balance among multiple objectives in evolution. In addition, we devise an evaluation mechanism based on the ratio of maximum to submaximum, which is devised for selecting the optimal solution from the Pareto front, which has been empirically validated to be effective in reducing false alarms. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the competitiveness of MOBS-TD in remote sensing applications

Potential risk of plant viruses entering disease cycle in surface water in protected vegetable growing areas of Eastern China.

With the expansion of protected vegetable growing areas (PVGAs), viral plant diseases have become more prevalent, causing severe economic losses to the vegetable production industry in China. At present, researches on plant viruses mainly focus on plants, but there is only a few reports on the species of viruses in surface water from PVGAs. The surface water samples in PVGAs are representative to a certain extent, which has an important reference value for studying the characteristics of plant viruses in surface water. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity and the possibility of entering disease infection cycle of plant viruses in water samples collected from PVGAs in eastern China. A total of 144 water samples were collected, and eight plant viruses including tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, 8.33%), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, 33.33%), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV, 6.94%), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, 0.69%), tomato masaic virus (ToMV, 3.47%), tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV, 0.69%), tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV, 4.17%), and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, 5.56%) were examined using RT-PCR and PCR. The species of viruses in surface water varied greatly by location. CGMMV, TMV, ToCV, ToMV, ToMMV, and TYLCV were identified in Shandong, a northern part of Eastern China, whereas only PMMoV was found in Shanghai, a southern part of Eastern China. After healthy tobacco plants were inoculated with the concentrated solutions of TMV, ToMV, CGMMV, and PMMoV, could cause disease in healthy tobacco, indicating that the plant viruses in the concentrated solution have the infectivity, and the plant viruses in surface water have the possibility of entering the infection cycle of disease. The results will improve the understanding of the potential risks of waterborne disease transmission

Interactions of Tomato Chlorosis Virus p27 Protein with Tomato Catalase Are Involved in Viral Infection

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) severely threatens tomato production worldwide. P27 is known to be involved in virion assembly, but its other roles in ToCV infection are unclear. In this study, we found that removal of p27 reduced systemic infection, while ectopic expression of p27 promoted systemic infection of potato virus X in Nicotiana benthamiana. We determined that Solanum lycopersicum catalases (SlCAT) can interact with p27 in vitro and in vivo and that amino acids 73 to 77 of the N-terminus of SlCAT represent the critical region for their interaction. p27 is distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its coexpression with SlCAT1 or SlCAT2 changes its distribution in the nucleus. Furthermore, we found that silencing of SlCAT1 and SlCAT2 can promote ToCV infection. In conclusion, p27 can promote viral infection by binding directly to inhibit anti-ToCV processes mediated by SlCAT1 or SlCAT2