304 research outputs found
Local transformation of mixed states of two qubits to Bell diagonal states
The optimal entanglement manipulation for a single copy of mixed states of
two qubits is to transform it to a Bell diagonal state. In this paper we derive
an explicit form of the local operation that can realize such a transformation.
The result obtained is universal for arbitrary entangled two-qubit states and
it discloses that the corresponding local filter is not unique for density
matrices with rank and can be exclusively determined for that with
and 4. As illustrations, a four-parameters family of mixed states are explored,
the local filter as well as the transformation probability are given
explicitly, which verify the validity of the general result.Comment: 5 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev.
A mouse Mecp2-null mutation causes neurological symptoms that mimic Rett syndrome
Rett syndrome (RTT) is an inherited neurodevelopmental disorder
of females that occurs once in 10,000–15,000 births1,2.
Affected females develop normally for 6–18 months, but then
lose voluntary movements, including speech and hand skills.
Most RTT patients are heterozygous for mutations in the Xlinked
gene MECP2 (refs. 3–12), encoding a protein that binds
to methylated sites in genomic DNA and facilitates gene silencing13–
17. Previous work with Mecp2-null embryonic stem cells
indicated that MeCP2 is essential for mouse embryogenesis18.
Here we generate mice lacking Mecp2 using Cre-loxP technology.
Both Mecp2-null mice and mice in which Mecp2 was
deleted in brain showed severe neurological symptoms at
approximately six weeks of age. Compensation for absence of
MeCP2 in other tissues by MeCP1 (refs. 19,20) was not apparent
in genetic or biochemical tests. After several months, heterozygous
female mice also showed behavioral symptoms. The overlapping
delay before symptom onset in humans and mice,
despite their profoundly different rates of development, raises
the possibility that stability of brain function, not brain development
per se, is compromised by the absence of MeCP2
Endoscopic ultrasound-assisted transmural cholecystoduodenostomy or cholecystogastrostomy as a bridge for per-oral cholecystoscopy therapy using double-flanged fully covered metal stent
A new T classification based on masticator space involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a study of 742 cases with magnetic resonance imaging
B Cell Activating Factor (BAFF) and T Cells Cooperate to Breach B Cell Tolerance in Lupus-Prone New Zealand Black (NZB) Mice
The presence of autoantibodies in New Zealand Black (NZB) mice suggests a B cell tolerance defect however the nature of this defect is unknown. To determine whether defects in B cell anergy contribute to the autoimmune phenotype in NZB mice, soluble hen egg lysozyme (sHEL) and anti-HEL Ig transgenes were bred onto the NZB background to generate double transgenic (dTg) mice. NZB dTg mice had elevated levels of anti-HEL antibodies, despite apparently normal B cell functional anergy in-vitro. NZB dTg B cells also demonstrated increased survival and abnormal entry into the follicular compartment following transfer into sHEL mice. Since this process is dependent on BAFF, BAFF serum and mRNA levels were assessed and were found to be significantly elevated in NZB dTg mice. Treatment of NZB sHEL recipient mice with TACI-Ig reduced NZB dTg B cell survival following adoptive transfer, confirming the role of BAFF in this process. Although NZB mice had modestly elevated BAFF, the enhanced NZB B cell survival response appeared to result from an altered response to BAFF. In contrast, T cell blockade had a minimal effect on B cell survival, but inhibited anti-HEL antibody production. The findings suggest that the modest BAFF elevations in NZB mice are sufficient to perturb B cell tolerance, particularly when acting in concert with B cell functional abnormalities and T cell help
Basigin-mediated redistribution of CD98 promotes cell spreading and tumorigenicity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Individualized preoperative planning using three-dimensional modeling for Bismuth and Corlette type III hilar cholangiocarcinoma
DPHL: A DIA Pan-human Protein Mass Spectrometry Library for Robust Biomarker Discovery
To address the increasing need for detecting and validating protein biomarkers in clinical specimens, mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted proteomic techniques, including the selected reaction monitoring (SRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and massively parallel data-independent acquisition (DIA), have been developed. For optimal performance, they require the fragment ion spectra of targeted peptides as prior knowledge. In this report, we describe a MS pipeline and spectral resource to support targeted proteomics studies for human tissue samples. To build the spectral resource, we integrated common open-source MS computational tools to assemble a freely accessible computational workflow based on Docker. We then applied the workflow to generate DPHL, a comprehensive DIA pan-human library, from 1096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS raw files for 16 types of cancer samples. This extensive spectral resource was then applied to a proteomic study of 17 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Thereafter, PRM validation was applied to a larger study of 57 PCa patients and the differential expression of three proteins in prostate tumor was validated. As a second application, the DPHL spectral resource was applied to a study consisting of plasma samples from 19 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and 18 healthy control subjects. Differentially expressed proteins between DLBCL patients and healthy control subjects were detected by DIA-MS and confirmed by PRM. These data demonstrate that the DPHL supports DIA and PRM MS pipelines for robust protein biomarker discovery. DPHL is freely accessible at https://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0001400000
Construction and On-site Performance of the LHAASO WFCTA Camera
The focal plane camera is the core component of the Wide Field-of-view
Cherenkov/fluorescence Telescope Array (WFCTA) of the Large High-Altitude Air
Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Because of the capability of working under
moonlight without aging, silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) have been proven to be
not only an alternative but also an improvement to conventional photomultiplier
tubes (PMT) in this application. Eighteen SiPM-based cameras with square light
funnels have been built for WFCTA. The telescopes have collected more than 100
million cosmic ray events and preliminary results indicate that these cameras
are capable of working under moonlight. The characteristics of the light
funnels and SiPMs pose challenges (e.g. dynamic range, dark count rate,
assembly techniques). In this paper, we present the design features,
manufacturing techniques and performances of these cameras. Finally, the test
facilities, the test methods and results of SiPMs in the cameras are reported
here.Comment: 45 pages, 21 figures, articl
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