Observations of time delayed all-optical routing in a slow light regime

We report an observation of a delayed all-optical routing/switching phenomenon based on ultraslow group velocity of light via nondegenerate four-wave mixing processes in a defected solid medium. Unlike previous demonstrations of enhanced four-wave mixing processes using the slow light effects, the present observation demonstrates a direct retrieval of the resonant Raman-pulse excited spin coherence into photon coherence through coherence conversion processes.Comment: 5 pages with 3 figures include

Noncommutativity as a Possible Origin of the Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Ray and the TeV-photon Paradoxes

In this paper, we present a general modified dispersion relation derived from q-deformed noncommutative theory and apply it to the ultrahigh energy cosmic ray and the TeV-photon paradoxes--threshold anomalies. Our purpose is not only trying to solve these puzzles by noncommutative theory but also to support noncommutative theory through the coincidence of the region in the parameter space for resolving the threshold anomalies with the one from the q-deformed noncommutative theory.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur

An Assessment of the Global Soybean Industry: An Application of Stochastic Equilibrium Displacement Model

This study uses stochastic equilibrium displacement model (SEDM) to investigate the impact on the soybean and its joint products (soymeal and soyoil) sectors of different countries and regions from transportation cost reduction in Brazil incorporating assumptions of decrease in the U.S. loan deficiency payment.International Trade, Loan Deficiency Payment, Soybean, Soybean Joint Products, Stochastic Equilibrium Displacement Model, Transportation Costs, International Relations/Trade,

Self-intersection local time: Critical exponent, large deviations, and laws of the iterated logarithm

If \beta_t is renormalized self-intersection local time for planar Brownian motion, we characterize when Ee^{\gamma\beta_1} is finite or infinite in terms of the best constant of a Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality. We prove large deviation estimates for \beta_1 and -\beta_1. We establish lim sup and lim inf laws of the iterated logarithm for \beta_t as t\to\infty.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000504 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture trackers: continuity through random finite sets of trajectories

The Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) is an unlabelled multi-target distribution for which the prediction and update are closed. It has a Poisson birth process, and new Bernoulli components are generated on each new measurement as a part of the Bayesian measurement update. The PMBM filter is similar to the multiple hypothesis tracker (MHT), but seemingly does not provide explicit continuity between time steps. This paper considers a recently developed formulation of the multi-target tracking problem as a random finite set (RFS) of trajectories, and derives two trajectory RFS filters, called PMBM trackers. The PMBM trackers efficiently estimate the set of trajectories, and share hypothesis structure with the PMBM filter. By showing that the prediction and update in the PMBM filter can be viewed as an efficient method for calculating the time marginals of the RFS of trajectories, continuity in the same sense as MHT is established for the PMBM filter

Extraction of crystal-field parameters for lanthanide ions from quantum-chemical calculations

A simple method for constructing effective Hamiltonians for the 4fN and 4fN-15d energy levels of lanthanide ions in crystals from quantum-chemical calculations is presented. The method is demonstrated by deriving crystal-field and spin-orbit parameters for Ce3+ ions doped in LiYF4, Cs2NaYCl6, CaF2, KY3F10 and YAG host crystals from quantum chemical calculations based on the DV-X{\alpha} method. Good agreement between calculated and fitted values of the crystal-field parameters is obtained. The method can be used to calculate parameters even for low-symmetry sites where there are more parameters than energy levels