57 research outputs found
Constrained Dynamic Systems Estimation Based on Adaptive Particle Filter
For the state estimation problem, Bayesian approach provides the most general formulation. However, most existing Bayesian estimators for dynamic systems do not take constraints into account, or rely on specific approximations. Such approximations and ignorance of constraints may reduce the accuracy of estimation. In this paper, a new methodology for the states estimation of constrained systems with nonlinear model and non-Gaussian uncertainty which are commonly encountered in practice is proposed in the framework of particles filter. The main feature of this method is that constrained problems are handled well by a sample size test and two particles handling strategies. Simulation results show that the proposed method can outperform particles filter and other two existing algorithms in terms of accuracy and computational time
Salient Object Detection via Integrity Learning
Albeit current salient object detection (SOD) works have achieved fantastic
progress, they are cast into the shade when it comes to the integrity of the
predicted salient regions. We define the concept of integrity at both the micro
and macro level. Specifically, at the micro level, the model should highlight
all parts that belong to a certain salient object, while at the macro level,
the model needs to discover all salient objects from the given image scene. To
facilitate integrity learning for salient object detection, we design a novel
Integrity Cognition Network (ICON), which explores three important components
to learn strong integrity features. 1) Unlike the existing models that focus
more on feature discriminability, we introduce a diverse feature aggregation
(DFA) component to aggregate features with various receptive fields (i.e.,,
kernel shape and context) and increase the feature diversity. Such diversity is
the foundation for mining the integral salient objects. 2) Based on the DFA
features, we introduce the integrity channel enhancement (ICE) component with
the goal of enhancing feature channels that highlight the integral salient
objects at the macro level, while suppressing the other distracting ones. 3)
After extracting the enhanced features, the part-whole verification (PWV)
method is employed to determine whether the part and whole object features have
strong agreement. Such part-whole agreements can further improve the
micro-level integrity for each salient object. To demonstrate the effectiveness
of ICON, comprehensive experiments are conducted on seven challenging
benchmarks, where promising results are achieved
Sequence-level Semantic Representation Fusion for Recommender Systems
With the rapid development of recommender systems, there is increasing side
information that can be employed to improve the recommendation performance.
Specially, we focus on the utilization of the associated \emph{textual data} of
items (eg product title) and study how text features can be effectively fused
with ID features in sequential recommendation. However, there exists distinct
data characteristics for the two kinds of item features, making a direct fusion
method (eg adding text and ID embeddings as item representation) become less
effective. To address this issue, we propose a novel {\ul \emph{Te}}xt-I{\ul
\emph{D}} semantic fusion approach for sequential {\ul \emph{Rec}}ommendation,
namely \textbf{\our}. The core idea of our approach is to conduct a
sequence-level semantic fusion approach by better integrating global contexts.
The key strategy lies in that we transform the text embeddings and ID
embeddings by Fourier Transform from \emph{time domain} to \emph{frequency
domain}. In the frequency domain, the global sequential characteristics of the
original sequences are inherently aggregated into the transformed
representations, so that we can employ simple multiplicative operations to
effectively fuse the two kinds of item features. Our fusion approach can be
proved to have the same effects of contextual convolution, so as to achieving
sequence-level semantic fusion. In order to further improve the fusion
performance, we propose to enhance the discriminability of the text embeddings
from the text encoder, by adaptively injecting positional information via a
mixture-of-experts~(MoE) modulation method. Our implementation is available at
this repository: \textcolor{magenta}{\url{https://github.com/RUCAIBox/TedRec}}.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Continual Segment: Towards a Single, Unified and Accessible Continual Segmentation Model of 143 Whole-body Organs in CT Scans
Deep learning empowers the mainstream medical image segmentation methods.
Nevertheless current deep segmentation approaches are not capable of
efficiently and effectively adapting and updating the trained models when new
incremental segmentation classes (along with new training datasets or not) are
required to be added. In real clinical environment, it can be preferred that
segmentation models could be dynamically extended to segment new organs/tumors
without the (re-)access to previous training datasets due to obstacles of
patient privacy and data storage. This process can be viewed as a continual
semantic segmentation (CSS) problem, being understudied for multi-organ
segmentation. In this work, we propose a new architectural CSS learning
framework to learn a single deep segmentation model for segmenting a total of
143 whole-body organs. Using the encoder/decoder network structure, we
demonstrate that a continually-trained then frozen encoder coupled with
incrementally-added decoders can extract and preserve sufficiently
representative image features for new classes to be subsequently and validly
segmented. To maintain a single network model complexity, we trim each decoder
progressively using neural architecture search and teacher-student based
knowledge distillation. To incorporate with both healthy and pathological
organs appearing in different datasets, a novel anomaly-aware and confidence
learning module is proposed to merge the overlapped organ predictions,
originated from different decoders. Trained and validated on 3D CT scans of
2500+ patients from four datasets, our single network can segment total 143
whole-body organs with very high accuracy, closely reaching the upper bound
performance level by training four separate segmentation models (i.e., one
model per dataset/task)
Data Interpreter: An LLM Agent For Data Science
Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable
effectiveness. However, their performance can be compromised in data science
scenarios that require real-time data adjustment, expertise in optimization due
to complex dependencies among various tasks, and the ability to identify
logical errors for precise reasoning. In this study, we introduce the Data
Interpreter, a solution designed to solve with code that emphasizes three
pivotal techniques to augment problem-solving in data science: 1) dynamic
planning with hierarchical graph structures for real-time data adaptability;2)
tool integration dynamically to enhance code proficiency during execution,
enriching the requisite expertise;3) logical inconsistency identification in
feedback, and efficiency enhancement through experience recording. We evaluate
the Data Interpreter on various data science and real-world tasks. Compared to
open-source baselines, it demonstrated superior performance, exhibiting
significant improvements in machine learning tasks, increasing from 0.86 to
0.95. Additionally, it showed a 26% increase in the MATH dataset and a
remarkable 112% improvement in open-ended tasks. The solution will be released
at https://github.com/geekan/MetaGPT
INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR BOILER PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT AND NOX REDUCTION FOR SMALL-SCALE (0.58 MW) AND LARGE-SCALE (660 MW) BOILERS
Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (FOE
Numerical investigation and thermodynamic analysis of syngas production through chemical looping gasification using biomass as fuel.
10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.007Fuel24615466-47
CFD simulation of a fluidized bed reactor for biomass chemical looping gasification with continuous feedstock
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112143Energy Conversion and Management20111214
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