Atrazine contamination in agricultural soils from the Yangtze River Delta of China and associated health risks

202205 bckwAccepted ManuscriptOthersNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaPublishe

Chitosan scaffolds for bone applications: a detailed review of main types, features and multifaceted uses

Chitosan scaffolds, derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans, have become a foundational element in bone tissue engineering, celebrated for their exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, and inherent osteoconductive properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the various forms of chitosan scaffolds, with a particular focus on their porosity and swelling behaviors, as well as their biological and mechanical characteristics—key factors that underpin their therapeutic efficacy. The distinctive versatility of chitosan scaffolds is highlighted by their expanding applications in dental regeneration, including dental pulp restoration, periodontal repair, and alveolar ridge preservation following tooth extraction. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical role of chitosan scaffolds in advancing bone tissue engineering, encompassing applications such as fracture healing, spinal fusion, joint reconstruction, and craniofacial remodeling. Innovative strategies to enhance osteoblast activity and stimulate new bone formation are showcased, positioning chitosan scaffolds as effective carriers for osteogenic growth factors and genetic material. By integrating current advancements with future prospects, this review offers a thorough overview of the transformative potential of chitosan scaffolds in regenerative medicine, illustrating a promising convergence of research and clinical application that is poised to revolutionize bone regeneration therapies