The Relativistic Rotation

The classical rotation is not self-consistent in the framework of the special theory of relativity. the Relativistic rotation is obtained, which takes the relativistic effect into account. It is demonstrated that the angular frequency of classical rotation is only valid in local approximation. The properties of the relativistic rotation and the relativistic transverse Doppler shift are discussed in this work

Gravitational lensing effects on sub-millimetre galaxy counts

We study the effects on the number counts of sub-millimetre galaxies due to gravitational lensing. We explore the effects on the magnification cross section due to halo density profiles, ellipticity and cosmological parameter (the power-spectrum normalisation $\sigma_8$). We show that the ellipticity does not strongly affect the magnification cross section in gravitational lensing while the halo radial profiles do. Since the baryonic cooling effect is stronger in galaxies than clusters, galactic haloes are more concentrated. In light of this, a new scenario of two halo population model is explored where galaxies are modeled as a singular isothermal sphere profile and clusters as a Navarro, Frenk and White (NFW) profile. We find the transition mass between the two has modest effects on the lensing probability. The cosmological parameter $\sigma_8$ alters the abundance of haloes and therefore affects our results. Compared with other methods, our model is simpler and more realistic. The conclusions of previous works is confirm that gravitational lensing is a natural explanation for the number count excess at the bright end.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRA

Interactive probabilistic post-mining of user-preferred spatial co-location patterns

© 2018 IEEE. Spatial co-location pattern mining is an important task in spatial data mining. However, traditional mining frameworks often produce too many prevalent patterns of which only a small proportion may be truly interesting to end users. To satisfy user preferences, this work proposes an interactive probabilistic post-mining method to discover user-preferred co-location patterns from the early-round of mined results by iteratively involving user's feedback and probabilistically refining preferred patterns. We first introduce a framework of interactively post-mining preferred co-location patterns, which enables a user to effectively discover the co-location patterns tailored to his/her specific preference. A probabilistic model is further introduced to measure the user feedback-based subjective preferences on resultant co-location patterns. This measure is used to not only select sample co-location patterns in the iterative user feedback process but also rank the results. The experimental results on real and synthetic data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach

Immunomodulation with Probiotics Against Aeromonas veronii in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Aeromonas comprisea wide range of opportunistic bacteria that cause septicemia (blood poisoning)in fish.Withexpandingaquaculture, myriad methods have been used to combat these pathologiesincludingprobiotics and plant extracts which canpotentiallyaddress these diseases without harmingthe environment. Inthis study, four strains of opportunistic pathogens were isolated from diseased fish, thenmolecular identification of 16SrDNA was performed. Results identifiedthe four strains asAeromonas veronii, Shewanella sp., Bacillus cereus, and Aeromonas salmonicida. Experimental trialsrevealed that A.veroniiwas the primary strain. Multiple virulence-related factors were discovered, includingaerolysin (Aer), cytotoxic enterotoxin (Act), and the outer membrane protein (OmpAII).Thesewere foundonly in A.veronii. LC50 in grass carp was 3.6×104CFU/mLover 96 h, whereas the safe concentration was 9.11×103CFU/mL.Grass carp were challenged with 3 differentconcentrations of A.veronii. Following a 48h incubation period they were treated for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h with 8.1×106CFU/mLconcentrations.The expression ofInterleukin-8(IL-8)andTumor Necrosis Factor-α(TNF-α)was up-regulated in the kidney, liver, spleen, and heart using qRT-PCR. Simultaneously, enzyme activity involving Pyruvate Kinase(PK),Alkaline Phosphatase(AKP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH), and Lysozyme (Lsz)inserum and liver tissues was significantly up-regulated.We found that probiotics enhancedgrowth of grass carp, improvedhealth status,and was beneficial in reducing the prevalence of this disease. Subsequent to feeding mixed probiotics,IL-8 and TNF-α geneexpression was significantly lower (p>0.05)than inthe infected group,at 16 and 31 days. Expression of these genes in the liver, spleen, and intestines of healthy grass carp fed probiotics wassignificantly up-regulated in contrast to grass carp fed a basal diet (p<0.05).Our results suggestthat use of probiotics as immune stimulator may improve the control of fish diseases in aquaculture