2,688 research outputs found
Nonorthogonal decoy-state Quantum Key Distribution
In practical quantum key distribution (QKD), weak coherent states as the
photon sources have a limit in secure key rate and transmission distance
because of the existence of multiphoton pulses and heavy loss in transmission
line. Decoy states method and nonorthogonal encoding protocol are two important
weapons to combat these effects. Here, we combine these two methods and propose
a efficient method that can substantially improve the performance of QKD. We
find a 79 km increase in transmission distance over the prior record using
decoy states method.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure; Revtex4, submitted to PR
Pressure Effect on the superconducting properties of LaO_{1-x}F_{x}FeAs(x=0.11) superconductor
Diamagnetic susceptibility measurements under high hydrostatic pressure (up
to 1.03 GPa) were carried out on the newly discovered Fe-based superconductor
LaO_{1-x}F_{x}FeAs(x=0.11). The transition temperature T_c, defined as the
point at the maximum slope of superconducting transition, was enhanced almost
linearly by hydrostatic pressure, yielding a dT_c/dP of about 1.2 K/GPa.
Differential diamagnetic susceptibility curves indicate that the underlying
superconducting state is complicated. It is suggested that pressure plays an
important role on pushing low T_c superconducting phase toward the main
(optimal) superconducting phase.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Subthreshold Antiproton Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions
Journals published by the American Physical Society can be found at http://publish.aps.org/Antiproton production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies below the threshold for its production from the nucleon-nucleon interaction in free space is studied in the relativistic Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model. The antiproton self-energies in the medium are obtained in the mean-field approximation from the G-parity transformation of the nucleon self-energies. Due to the decrease of antiproton mass in the medium as a result of the attractive scalar mean field, there is an enhanced production of primordial antiprotons which are, however, mostly annihilated by nucleons as they propagate through the matter. The calculated final antiproton momentum spectrum is seen to agree reasonably with the experimental data
Medium Effects on Kaon and Antikaon Spectra in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Journals published by the American Physical Society can be found at http://publish.aps.org/In the linear chiral perturbation theory, both kaon and antikaon masses decrease in dense matter. There is also a repulsive vector potential for the kaon and an attractive one for the antikaon. With these effects included in the relativistic transport model, it is found that the slope parameter of the kaon kinetic energy distribution is larger than that of the antikaon. This is consistent with the experimental data from heavy-ion collisions in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron experiments at Brookhaven
Single nonmagnetic impurity resonance in FeSe-based 122-type superconductors as a probe for pairing symmetry
We study the effect of a single non-magnetic impurity in
AFeSe (A=K, Rb, or Cs) superconductors by considering
various pairing states based on a three-orbital model consistent with the
photoemission experiments. The local density of states on and near the impurity
site has been calculated by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations
self-consistently. The impurity-induced in-gap bound states are found only for
attractive impurity scattering potential, as in the cases of doping of Co or
Ni, which is characterized by the strong particle-hole asymmetry, in the
nodeless wave pairing state. This property may be used to probe
the pairing symmetry of FeSe-based 122-type superconductors.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Superconductivity at 25 K in hole doped
By partially substituting the tri-valence element La with di-valence element
Sr in , we introduced holes into the system. For the first time, we
successfully synthesized the hole doped new superconductors
. The maximum superconducting transition temperature at
about 25 K was observed at a doping level of x = 0.13. It is evidenced by Hall
effect measurements that the conduction in this type of material is dominated
by hole-like charge carriers, rather than electron-like ones. Together with the
data of the electron doped system , a generic phase diagram
is depicted and is revealed to be similar to that of the cuprate
superconductors.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
A computational study of diffusion in a glass-forming metallic liquid
Liquid phase diffusion plays a critical role in phase transformations (e.g. glass transformation and devitrification) observed in marginal glass forming systems such as Al-Sm. Controlling transformation pathways in such cases requires a comprehensive description of diffusivity, including the associated composition and temperature dependencies. In the computational study reported here, we examine atomic diffusion in Al-Sm liquids using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and determine the diffusivities of Al and Sm for selected alloy compositions. Non-Arrhenius diffusion behavior is observed in the undercooled liquids with an enhanced local structural ordering. Through assessment of our AIMD result, we construct a general formulation for Al-Sm liquid, involving a diffusion mobility database that includes composition and temperature dependence. A Volmer-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation is adopted for describing the non-Arrhenius behavior observed in the undercooled liquid. The composition dependence of diffusivity is found quite strong, even for the Al-rich region contrary to the sole previous report on this binary system. The model is used in combination with the available thermodynamic database to predict specific diffusivities and compares well with reported experimental data for 0.6 at.% and 5.6 at.% Sm in Al-Sm alloys
Doping-dependent Phase Diagram of LaO{\it M}As ({\it M}=V--Cu) and Electron-type Superconductivity near Ferromagnetic Instability
By first-principles calculations, we present a doping-dependent phase diagram
of LaO{\it M}As ({\it M}=V--Cu) family. It is characterized as
antiferromagnetic semiconductor around LaOMnAs side and ferromagnetic metal
around LaOCoAs. Both LaOFeAs and LaONiAs, where superconductivity were
discovered, are located at the borderline of magnetic phases. Extensive Fermi
surface analysis suggests that the observed superconductivity is of
electron-type in its origin. We discuss possible pairing mechanisms in the
context of competing ferromagnetic phases found in this work and the
ferromagnetic spin fluctuations.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 3 figure
Evaluation of a pilot cooperative medical scheme in rural China: impact on gender patterns of health care utilization and prescription practices
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In 2003 the Chinese government introduced voluntary cooperative medical schemes (CMS), soon to be in place throughout rural China. Families who chose to enroll do so as a single unit and nothing is known about any differential effect of these new schemes on family members. This study evaluates the impact of one pilot CMS in Anhui Province on health care use by girls aged less than 5 years and women 65 years or older, and on the pattern and cost of prescriptions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Health care records were extracted covering a 10 year period, before, during and after the pilot CMS in 4 townships, one with the intervention and 3 comparison townships without. The impact of the intervention on the age and gender distribution of patients presenting for health care and on the prescription of certain drugs was assessed by logistic regression. The cost of prescriptions before, during and after the intervention period was also assessed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>203,058 registration and 643,588 prescription records were identified. During the intervention there was a reduced likelihood overall that a patient was female (OR = 0.92: 95%CI 0.87 - 0.97) at the intervention site. Girls aged < 5 years had an increased likelihood of health care (OR = 1.41: 95%CI 1.23 - 1.59) during the CMS, but women ≥ 65 years were relatively disadvantaged (OR = 0.84: 95%CI 0.75 - 0.95). The use of antibiotics and systemic steroids increased disproportionately at the intervention site for patients ≥ 5 years. Prescription costs at the township hospital also increased at the intervention site, particularly for older men.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This evaluation suggests that all family members did not benefit equally from the pilot CMS and that women ≥ 65 years may be disadvantaged by the newly available reimbursements of health care costs through the CMS. It points to the need, in future evaluations, to use individuals rather than families as the unit of analysis, in order to determine whether such health care inequalities are wide-spread and persistent or are reduced in the longer term. The results also support earlier concerns about the influence of new funding resources on prescription practices and the need for regulation of for-profit prescribing.</p
Probing the nuclear equation of state by production in heavy ion collisions
The dependence of production on the nuclear equation of state is
investigated in heavy ion collisions. An increase of the excitation function of
multiplicities obtained in heavy () over light () systems
when going far below threshold which has been observed by the KaoS
Collaboration strongly favours a soft equation of state. This observation holds
despite of the influence of an in-medium kaon potential predicted by effective
chiral models which is necessary to reproduce the experimental yields.Comment: 4 pages Revtex, 4 PS figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
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