A Critical Examination to the Unitarized ππ\pi\pi Scattering Chiral Amplitudes

We discuss the Pad\'e approximation to the $\pi\pi$ scattering amplitudes in 1--loop chiral perturbation theory. The approximation restores unitarity and can reproduce the correct resonance poles, but the approximation violates crossing symmetry and produce spurious poles on the complex $s$ plane and therefore plagues its predictions on physical quantities at quantitative level. However we find that one virtual state in the IJ=20 channel may have physical relevance.Comment: 13 pages + 4 eps figures submit to Commun. Theor. Phy

Design and finite element mode analysis of noncircular gear

The noncircular gear transmission is an important branch of the gear transmission, it is characterized by its compact structure, good dynamic equilibration and other advantages, and can be used in the automobile, engineering machine, ship, machine tool, aviation and spaceflight field etc. Studying on the dynamics feature of noncircular gear transmission can improve the ability to carry loads of, reduce the vibration and noise of, increase the life of the noncircular gear transmission machine, provides guidance for the design of the noncircular gear, and has significant theories and practical meanings. In this paper, the gear transmission technique is used to studied the design method of the noncircular gear, which contains distribution of teeth on the pitch curve, designs of the tooth tip curve and the tooth root curve, design of the tooth profile curve, the gear system dynamics principle is introduced to establish dynamics model for the noncircular gear; basic theory of finite element and mode analysis method are applied, finite element model for the noncircular gear is established, natural vibration characteristic of the noncircular gear is studied. And the oval gear is taken as an example, the mathematics software MathCAD, the 3D modeling software UG and the finite element software ABAQUS are used to realize precise 3D model of the oval gear. The finite element method is used, the natural vibration characteristic of the oval gear is studied, the main vibration types and natural frequencies of the oval gear and that of the equivalent cylindrical gears are analyzed and compared, the conclusions received reflect the dynamics performance of the oval gear, and solid foundation is laid for dynamics research and engineering application of the oval gear transmission

Radiative and Collisional Energy Loss, and Photon-Tagged Jets at RHIC

The suppression of single jets at high transverse momenta in a quark-gluon plasma is studied at RHIC energies, and the additional information provided by a photon tag is included. The energy loss of hard jets traversing through the medium is evaluated in the AMY formalism, by consistently taking into account the contributions from radiative events and from elastic collisions at leading order in the coupling. The strongly-interacting medium in these collisions is modelled with (3+1)-dimensional ideal relativistic hydrodynamics. Putting these ingredients together with a complete set of photon-production processes, we present a calculation of the nuclear modification of single jets and photon-tagged jets at RHIC.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, contributed to the 3rd International Conference on Hard and Electro-Magnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2008), typos corrected, published versio

Secondary source and error sensing strategies for the active control of sound transmission through a small opening

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd The openings of an enclosure allow natural ventilation and light ingress but also act as a point of entry for noise of the whole structure. In this paper, the active control of the sound transmitted through a small opening in a wall formed by two infinitely-large baffles is investigated up to 4 kHz. Based on an analytical model developed with the modal expansion method, the effects of different secondary source and error sensor strategies are compared numerically for different types of primary sound fields. The upper frequency limit of effective control is found to be determined by the eigen-frequency of the acoustic modes of the opening. Experimental results with an opening of 6 cm by 6 cm on a 31.8 cm thick wall agree well with the numerical results. The upper frequency limit of effective control is found to be 2750 Hz for a single-channel system and 3900 Hz for a 4-channel system with more than 10 dB noise reduction. It is concluded that implementing active control in small openings with an appropriate secondary source and error sensing strategy can extend the frequency range of control significantly, so that the active control systems can be applied to more noise control scenarios which have both noise reduction and ventilation requirements in the middle to high frequency range

Angle-of-arrival acquisition and tracking via virtual subarrays in an analog array

© 2019 IEEE. Angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation is a challenging problem for analog antenna arrays. Typical algorithms use beam scanning and sweeping, which can be time-consuming, and the resolution is limited to the scanning step. In this paper, we propose a virtual-subarray based AoA estimation scheme, which divides an analog array into two virtual subarrays and can obtain a direct AoA estimate from every two temporal measurements. We propose different subarray constructions which lead to different range and accuracy of estimation. We provide detailed beamforming vector designs for these constructions and provide a performance lower bound for the estimator. We also present how to apply the estimator to AoA acquisition and tracking. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms existing ones when the signal-to-noise ratio is not very low

Two-dimensional structures of ferroelectric domain inversion in LiNbO3 by direct electron beam lithography

We report on the fabrication of domain-reversed structures in LiNbO3 by means of direct electron beam lithography at room temperature without any static bias. The LiNbO3 crystals were chemically etched after the exposure of electron beam and then, the patterns of domain inversion were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). In our experiment, an interesting phenomenon occurred when the electron beam wrote a one-dimensional (1-D) grating on the negative c-face: a two-dimensional (2-D) dotted array was observed on the positive c- face, which is significant for its potential to produce 2-D and three-dimensional photonic crystals. Furthermore, we also obtained 2-D ferroelectric domain inversion in the whole LiNbO3 crystal by writing the 2-D square pattern on the negative c-face. Such a structure may be utilized to fabricate 2-D nonlinear photonic crystal. AFM demonstrates that a 2-D domain-reversed structure has been achieved not only on the negative c-face of the crystal, but also across the whole thickness of the crystal.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Low-Complexity PAPR Minimization for Symbol Level Precoded Multi-User MISO-OFDM System

This paper proposes a method exploiting constructive interference (CI) to reduce the transmit signal’s peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), while keeping the total transmission power as low as possible. An optimization problem that jointly performs power minimization and PAPR reduction is formulated, which is however difficult to solve directly due to the non-convex PAPR constraint. To obtain a feasible solution in low complexity, by using the vectorization method and introducing a regularization factor, we relax the PAPR constraint. The original optimization problem is transformed into a convex problem that can be solved with an improved fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA). Numerical results are presented to show 1dB savings in terms of transmission power and 52% savings in terms of PAPR compared with state-of-the-art PAPR minimization techniques