3,632 research outputs found
Evaluating the Performance of the WHO International Reference Standard for Osteoporosis Diagnosis in Postmenopausal Women of Varied Polygenic Score and Race
Background: Whether the bone mineral density (BMD) T-score performs differently in osteoporosis classification in women of different genetic profiling and race background remains unclear. Methods: The genomic data in the Women’s Health Initiative study was analyzed (n = 2417). The polygenic score (PGS) was calculated from 63 BMD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each participant. The World Health Organization′s (WHO) definition of osteoporosis (BMD T-score ≤ −2.5) was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of fracture. Results: T-score classification significantly underestimated the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in the WHI study. An enormous underestimation was observed in African American women (POR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30–0.83) and in women with low PGS (predicted/observed ratio [POR]: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.28–0.64). Compared to Caucasian women, African American, African Indian, and Hispanic women respectively had a 59%, 41%, and 55% lower hazard of MOF after the T-score was adjusted for. The results were similar when used for any fractures. Conclusions: Our study suggested the BMD T-score performance varies significantly by race in postmenopausal women
Fermionic phase transition induced by the effective impurity in holography
We investigate the holographic fermionic phase transition induced by the
effective impurity in holography, which is introduced by massless scalar fields
in Einstein-Maxwell-massless scalar gravity. We obtain a phase diagram in
plane separating the Fermi liquid phase and the non-Fermi liquid
phase.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure
Response of a flexible filament in a flowing soap film subject to a forced vibration
The interactions between flexible plates and fluids are important physical phenomena. A flag in wind is one of the most simplified and classical models for studying the problem. In this paper, we investigated the response of a flag in flow with an externally forced vibration by using flexible filaments and soap film. Experiments show that for a filament that is either in oscillation or stationary, the external forced vibration leads to its oscillation. A synchronization phenomenon occurs in the experiments. A small perturbation leads to a large response of flapping amplitude in response. The insight provided here is helpful to the applications in the flow control, energy harvesting, and bionic propulsion areas
Bright 22 m Excess Candidates from WISE All-Sky Catalog and Hipparcos Main Catalog
In this paper we present a catalog which includes 141 bright candidates
( mag, V band) showing the infrared (IR) excess at 22 m. Of
which, 38 stars are known IR excess stars or disk, 23 stars are double or
multiple stars and 4 are Be stars. While the remaining more than 70 stars are
identified as the 22 m excess candidates in our work. The criterion of
selecting candidates is . All these candidates are selected
from \emph{WISE} All-sky data cross-correlated with \emph{Hipparcos} Main
Catalog and the likelihood-ratio technique is employed. Considering the effect
of background, we introduce the \emph{IRAS} 100 m level to exclude the
high background. We also estimated the coincidence probability of these
sources. In addition, we presented the optical to mid-infrared SEDs and optical
images of all the candidates, and gave the observed optical spectra of 6 stars
with NAOC's 2.16-m telescope. To measure for the dust amount around each star,
the fractional luminosity is also provided. We also test whether our method of
selecting IR excess stars can be used to search for extra-solar planets, we
cross-matched our catalog with known IR-excess stars having planets but none is
matched. Finally, we give the fraction of stars showing IR-excess for different
spectral type of main-sequence stars.Comment: 45 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
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