170 research outputs found
Investigation of the Effects of Solid-State Treatments on the Structure and Mobility of Copper in Zeolites
Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate catalysts that play an important role in industrial applications as well as studies for the fundamental understanding of catalysts for emerging reactions of interest. The introduction of aluminum into the zeolite lattice introduces a negative charge on the framework that can be balanced with extra-framework cations. The control of the aluminum distribution and the choice of charge balancing cations allows for the ability to tailor the active sites to facilitate a desired reaction. This research focuses on studying copper active sites in zeolites. Copper oxide was used as a copper precursor to introduce copper ions in zeolites through solid-state ion-exchange (SSIE). Solid-state ion-exchange was studied using both dry air and wet air treatments at elevated temperatures. Three different zeolite topologies were studied: CHA (small pore), ZSM-5 (medium pore), and MOR (large pore). After SSIE, the copper-zeolites were characterized with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) after sodium back exchange to quantify the number of ionic copper species, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD). These characterization techniques were used to understand how many copper ions were mobilized into the zeolites, which are potential active sites in zeolites. Based on current experimental data on Cu-MOR, SSIE using a wet air treatment has a greater impact for mobilizing copper in zeolites compared to a dry air treatment. The same trend is expected to follow on other zeolite topologies, ZSM-5 and CHA, that are still being studied
Metaverse Security and Privacy: An Overview
Metaverse is a living space and cyberspace that realizes the process of
virtualizing and digitizing the real world. It integrates a plethora of
existing technologies with the goal of being able to map the real world, even
beyond the real world. Metaverse has a bright future and is expected to have
many applications in various scenarios. The support of the Metaverse is based
on numerous related technologies becoming mature. Hence, there is no doubt that
the security risks of the development of the Metaverse may be more prominent
and more complex. We present some Metaverse-related technologies and some
potential security and privacy issues in the Metaverse. We present current
solutions for Metaverse security and privacy derived from these technologies.
In addition, we also raise some unresolved questions about the potential
Metaverse. To summarize, this survey provides an in-depth review of the
security and privacy issues raised by key technologies in Metaverse
applications. We hope that this survey will provide insightful research
directions and prospects for the Metaverse's development, particularly in terms
of security and privacy protection in the Metaverse.Comment: IEEE BigData 2022. 10 pages, 2 figure
Emerging applications of integrated optical microcombs for analogue RF and microwave photonic signal processing
We review new applications of integrated microcombs in RF and microwave
photonic systems. We demonstrate a wide range of powerful functions including a
photonic intensity high order and fractional differentiators, optical true time
delays, advanced filters, RF channelizer and other functions, based on a Kerr
optical comb generated by a compact integrated microring resonator, or
microcomb. The microcomb is CMOS compatible and contains a large number of comb
lines, which can serve as a high performance multiwavelength source for the
transversal filter, thus greatly reduce the cost, size, and complexity of the
system. The operation principle of these functions is theoretically analyzed,
and experimental demonstrations are presented.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 136 References. Photonics West 2018 invited
paper, expanded version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1710.00678, arXiv:1710.0861
AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A Survey
To address the challenges of digital intelligence in the digital economy,
artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC) has emerged. AIGC uses
artificial intelligence to assist or replace manual content generation by
generating content based on user-inputted keywords or requirements. The
development of large model algorithms has significantly strengthened the
capabilities of AIGC, which makes AIGC products a promising generative tool and
adds convenience to our lives. As an upstream technology, AIGC has unlimited
potential to support different downstream applications. It is important to
analyze AIGC's current capabilities and shortcomings to understand how it can
be best utilized in future applications. Therefore, this paper provides an
extensive overview of AIGC, covering its definition, essential conditions,
cutting-edge capabilities, and advanced features. Moreover, it discusses the
benefits of large-scale pre-trained models and the industrial chain of AIGC.
Furthermore, the article explores the distinctions between auxiliary generation
and automatic generation within AIGC, providing examples of text generation.
The paper also examines the potential integration of AIGC with the Metaverse.
Lastly, the article highlights existing issues and suggests some future
directions for application.Comment: Preprint. 14 figures, 4 table
Photonic RF and microwave reconfigurable filters and true time delays based on an integrated optical Kerr frequency comb source
We demonstrate advanced transversal radio frequency (RF) and microwave
functions based on a Kerr optical comb source generated by an integrated
micro-ring resonator. We achieve extremely high performance for an optical true
time delay aimed at tunable phased array antenna applications, as well as
reconfigurable microwave photonic filters. Our results agree well with theory.
We show that our true time delay would yield a phased array antenna with
features that include high angular resolution and a wide range of beam steering
angles, while the microwave photonic filters feature high Q factors, wideband
tunability, and highly reconfigurable filtering shapes. These results show that
our approach is a competitive solution to implementing reconfigurable, high
performance and potentially low cost RF and microwaveComment: 15 pages, 11 Figures, 60 Reference
An 89.3% Current Efficiency, Sub 0.1% THD Current Driver for Electrical Impedance Tomography
Accurate electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measurements require a current driver with low total harmonic distortion (THD) and high output impedance. Conventional EIT current drivers attain good performance for these parameters but at the expense of low current efficiency. This Brief presents a differential current driver based on a current feedback structure with isolated common-mode feedback, achieving very low THD, high output impedance and high current efficiency. In addition, it uses current DACs to remove any dc offsets at the output nodes. The current driver was fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology with 3.3 V supply. Measured results demonstrate a THD of 0.05% and 0.1% at 80 kHz, for 1 mAp-p and 1.375 mAp-p output current, respectively. The total current consumption is 1.54 mA, resulting in a maximum current efficiency of 89.3%. The measured output impedance is 1.023 MΩ at 500 kHz and 568 kΩ at 1 MHz
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