Avastin in myopic choroidal neovascularisation: Is age the limit?

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Equipping construction and related engineering students for the market needs in mainland China

Electronic Proceedings - http://www.iiis.org/CDs2010/CD2010SCI/EEET_2010/index.aspThanks to a strong internal demand, the economy of mainland China has been increasing sharply during the last decade. It is generally expected that the economic growth in China will persist in the foreseeable future. The economic development of China has given rise to an immense demand for infrastructure and construction facilities. While a number of these projects are complex and large in scale, construction and related engineering professionals who have experience on projects of these kinds should have a good opportunity to provide their services in China. To help promote exporting the services of construction and related engineering professionals, the tertiary education sector and professional institutions have a crucial role to play to equip their students. However, many construction and related engineering programs are tailored for the local markets. Broadening the international exposure of students should become the future direction of construction and related engineering programs. In this paper, the results of a survey conducted with students and professionals in Hong Kong are highlighted. The teaching and learning activities having been built into the construction and related engineering programs are identified. Finally, recommendations for improving the construction and related engineering program structure conclude the paper.published_or_final_versionThe 2nd International Symposium on Engineering Education and Educational Technologies (EEET 2010), Orlando, FL., 29 June-2 July 2010. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Engineering Education and Educational Technologies, 2010, p. 1-

Anxiety, but not depression, mediates stress and somatic symptoms in Chinese

Posters: abstract no. 2980Conference Theme: Stretching the Boundaries: From Mechanisms of Disease to Models of Healthpublished_or_final_versio

Intraoperative fracture of phacoemulsification sleeve

Background: We describe a case of intraoperative fracture of phacoemulsification sleeve during phacoemulsification surgery. Case presentation. Phacoemulsification surgery was performed in the left eye of a 58-year-old lady with grade II nuclear sclerosis & grade I cortical cataract. Towards the end of quadrant removal, there was anterior chamber instability with impaired followability of nuclear fragments. The distal part of the fractured sleeve remained inside the anterior chamber upon removal of the phacoemulsification probe. The retained sleeve was retrieved with a pair of forceps through the corneal incision site, which did not require widening. There was no missing fragments retained intraocularly and the patient had an uneventful recovery with vision of 20/25 at three months post-operatively. Conclusion. Phacoemulsification sleeve fracture is an uncommon complication. With early identification of this condition and proper management, major complications can be avoided. © 2010 Shum et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.published_or_final_versio

Combined oestrogen and progesterone for preventing miscarriage

© 2013 The Cochrane Collaboration. Background: Historically, oestrogen and progesterone were each commonly used to save threatened pregnancies. In the 1940s it was postulated that their combined use would be synergistic and thereby led to the rationale of combined therapy for women who risked miscarriage. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of combined oestrogen and progesterone therapy to prevent miscarriage. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (23 June 2013) CENTRAL (OVID) (The Cochrane Library 2013, Issue 6 of 12), MEDLINE (OVID) (1946 to June Week 2 2013), OLDMEDLINE (1946 to 1965), Embase (1974 to Week 25 2013), Embase Classic (1947 to 1973), CINAHL (1994 to 23 June 2013) and reference lists of retrieved studies. Selection criteria: We included randomised controlled trials that assessed the effectiveness of combined oestrogen and progesterone for preventing miscarriage. We included one stratified randomised trial and one quasi-randomised trials. Cluster-randomised trials were eligible for inclusion but none were identified. We excluded studies published only as abstracts. We included studies that compared oestrogen and progesterone versus placebo or no intervention. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and assessed trial quality. Two review authors extracted data. Data were checked for accuracy. Main results: Two trials (281 pregnancies and 282 fetuses) met our inclusion criteria. However, the two trials had significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity such that a meta-analysis combining trial data was considered inappropriate. One trial (involving 161 pregnancies) was based on women with a history of diabetes. It showed no statistically significant difference between using combined oestrogen and progestogen and using placebo for all our proposed primary outcomes, namely, miscarriage (risk ratio (RR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32 to 2.80), perinatal death (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.69) and preterm birth (less than 34 weeks of gestation) (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.04). In terms of this review's secondary outcomes, use of combined oestrogen and progestogen was associated with an increased risk of maternal cancer in the reproductive system (RR 6.65, 95% CI 1.56 to 28.29). However, for the outcome of cancer other than that of the reproductive system in mothers, there was no difference between groups. Similarly, there were no differences between the combined oestrogen and progestogen group versus placebo for other secondary outcomes reported: low birthweight of less than 2500 g, genital abnormalities in the offspring, abnormalities other than genital tract in the offspring, cancer in the reproductive system in the offspring, or cancer other than of the reproductive system in the offspring. The second study was based on pregnant women who had undergone in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). This study showed no difference in the rate of miscarriage between the combined oestrogen and progesterone group and the no treatment group (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.85). The study did not report on this review's other primary outcomes (perinatal death or rates of preterm birth), nor on any of our proposed secondary outcomes. Authors' conclusions: There is an insufficient evidence from randomised controlled trials to assess the use of combined oestrogen and progesterone for preventing miscarriages. We strongly recommend further research in this area

Infection after fracture osteosynthesis – Part II: Treatment

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Infection after fracture osteosynthesis – Part I: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and classification

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Diabetic retinopathy screening: global and local perspective

Diabetes mellitus has become a global epidemic. It causes significant macrovascular complications such as coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and stroke; as well as microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy is known to be the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population and may be asymptomatic until vision loss occurs. Screening for diabetic retinopathy has been shown to reduce blindness by timely detection and effective laser treatment. Diabetic retinopathy screening is being done worldwide either as a national screening programme or hospital-based project or as a community-based screening programme. In this article, we review different methods of screening including grading used to detect the severity of sight-threatening retinopathy and the newer screening methods. This review also includes the method of systematic screening being carried out in Hong Kong, a system that has helped to identify diabetic retinopathy among all attendees in public primary care clinics using a Hong Kong–wide public patients’ database.published_or_final_versio

Experiences of adolescents and young adults with ADHD in Hong Kong: treatment services and clinical management

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Distribution of Triamcinolone Acetonide after Intravitreal Injection into Silicone Oil-Filled Eye

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