Gastric metaplasia of posterior urethral polyp: a case report

Congenital polyps of the posterior urethra are rare lesions, and have often been described in boys. The polyps are benign lesion usually lined by a transitional epithelium, but cases of squamous or intestinal metaplasia have been reported

Cerebral Vasculitis Complicating Pneumococcal Meningitis

Introduction: Cerebral vasculitis is an uncommon life-threatening complication of community-acquired bacterial meningitis. Patient and methods: We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with pneumococcal meningitis who developed parainfectious vasculitis causing ischaemic brain damage. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis. Clinical and radiological recovery after delayed addition of corticosteroid was achieved. Discussion: This report shows that the onset of neurological deficits following pneumococcal meningitis can be caused by cerebral vasculitis. Underdosing with antibiotics and delayed adjunctive dexamethasone seem to favour this complication. There are no guidelines for treatment but high doses of steroids led to resolution in this case

An acute urinary retention in an old man caused by a giant müllerian duct cyst: a case report

Müllerian duct cysts result from an abnormality in regression of the Müllerian system. They may occasionally give rise to symptoms. We report an unusual case of acute urinary retention in an old man caused by a giant Müllerian duct cyst

Unexpected Small Urinary Bladder Pheochromocytoma: A Nonspecific Presentation

Objectives. Pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare tumor that typically presents with a hypertensive crisis during micturition. Preoperatively, it may be misdiagnosed due to nonspecific symptomatology, physical, and radiologic findings. Method. We report a case of unsuspected small pheochromocytoma which was incidentally found by CT scan and confirmed by the histological aspects after transurethral resection in a 63-year-old woman. Here, we have described the clinical presentation, physical findings, laboratory investigations, and treatment provided in our case. We have also included radiological images and histopathology slides with input from both radiologists and pathologists. Surgical management and postoperative follow-up are discussed, as are details of previous published data. Results. After undergoing surgical treatment (transurethral resection), our patient is asymptomatic, with complete resolution of her pathology. Conclusion. Diagnosis is difficult before histopathological examination and should be considered in patients with no risk factors for usual bladder tumor. Our purpose is to raise clinician's awareness for this condition so that they will be more likely to diagnose it. This will facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment and especially prevent complications due to pheochromocytoma which may be severe

Systematic design method for PI controller with Virtual Resistor-based Active Damping of LCL filter

The Virtual Resistor based Active Damping (VR-AD) is widely employed in converters connected to the grid via LCL filters in order to mitigate the inherent resonance of the filters. Nevertheless, in digitally controlled systems, the PWM and the calculating delays modify the system characteristics in terms of frequency and phase, thus destabilizing the system and degrading the VR-AD performances, mainly in low switching frequencies. Moreover, the stability of the system is greatly affected under weak grid operation characterized by large grid impedance variation. This paper solves these problems by proposing a systematic, robust and optimized design procedure of voltage oriented PI control (VOC) with VR-AD. The considered design procedure ensures robust control (sufficient stability margins) and high quality of grid current (reduced steady-state error and minimized THD value) despite the negative impact of digital time delay, grid impedance variation and filter parameters change. Simulation and experimental results are presented to show robustness and efficiency of the suggested design procedure. Keywords: Digital controllers, LCL filter, Time delay, Grid-connected converters, Virtual Resistor, Real Resistor, VOC, Grid impedance variation, Controllers desig

FPGA-Based Fault-Tolerant Space Vector-Hysteresis Current Control for Three-Phase Grid-Connected Converter

International audienc

An Adaptive PI Controller Design for DC-Link Voltage Control of Single-Phase Grid-Connected Converters

International audienc

FPGA-Based Dynamic Reconfiguration of Sliding Mode Current Controllers for Synchronous Machines

International audienc

Field programmable gate array-based fault-tolerant hysteresis current control for AC machine drives

International audienc