Effects of Electronic Communication on Face-to-Fare Communication

In the past 20 years, electronic communication fundamentally changed how people communicate. Though there has been much speculation about the effects of using this type of communication, little formal research has been done. This study expands upon previous research asking, “Does more frequent use of electronic communication correlate with a lower reported level of comfort in dealing with face-to-face confrontation?” For this study, the researchers created an electronic survey targeting individuals ages 18-25. The survey consisted of three sections: first, a brief demographic section; next, a frequency checklist measuring how often participants used various types of electronic communication; and finally, the survey presents a series of conflict situations, asking the participants to determine, with a Likert scale, how comfortable they would be handling each situation face-to-face. Each scenario is followed by a list of communication tools from which the participant chose which type of communication they would prefer to use to address each scenario. In a society that is increasingly reliant on electronic communication, the question posed in this study is significant. If the study suggests that the proposed hypothesis is true, then further study must be conducted to address the possible effects of a decline in levels of social self-efficacy

A retrospective review of cervical smears in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected postnatal women at Johannesburg Hospital

MMed(Obstetrics and Gynaecology)Introduction Against the high background rate of HIV among our antenatal clinic attendees, 30.3% in Gauteng in 2007, and the importance of cancer of the cervix as a health issue; this study was undertaken to determine the rate of abnormality found in cervical smears performed on HIV positive women attending the postnatal clinic at Johannesburg Hospital. The degree of abnormality and where possible its management, was reviewed. Secondly it was determined whether the immune status, namely the WHO clinical stage, CD4 cell count and viral load, correlated with the Pap smear results. Lastly patients were also analyzed according to the treatment received for HIV and their Pap smear results. Patients and Methods The study is a retrospective record review. All the patients who attended the postnatal clinic (PNC) between October 2005 and the end of July 2006, who had a Pap smear, were included. Follow-up test results were collected to the end of June 2007. A total of 324 patients attended the clinic in the study time period, of which 248 (76.5%) had a Pap smear done and 76 (23.5%) did not. iv Results The main results of interest were as follows – 131 patients (52.8%) had normal Pap smears, 64(25.8%) had LGSIL, 32 (12.9%) had HGSIL, 10 (4.0%) had ASCUS and 11 (4.4%) had Pap smears that could not be classified. In total 47.2% of the Pap smears were abnormal. There was one case of malignancy developing after an abnormal Pap smear. Patients with abnormal Pap smears tended to have a lower mean CD4 cell count while the viral load and WHO Stage did not appear to have an impact on the final analysis of the Pap smears. Conclusion The rates of cervical abnormality in HIV sero-positive patients attending the Johannesburg Hospital postnatal clinic are much higher (47.2%) than would be expected in the general population (10%), with a significant portion requiring follow-up investigation and management. It is however preferable to deal with cervical cytological abnormalities comprehensively during the screening phase rather than trying to manage a potential increase in cervical cancer cases

Open Access, Public Access: Policies, Implementation, Developments, and the Future of U.S.-Published Research

In February, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released a memo directing each US funding agency with over $100 million in annual research expenditure to develop a plan to support public access to the results of research funded by the federal government, including results published in scholarly journals. How has the OSTP memo impacted scholarly publishing so far? What exactly has been achieved so far, and what will it mean for the future of U.S.-published research? This interactive session features a panel of speakers who will be discussing the recent developments and emerging issues from the librarian, funder, researcher, and publisher perspectives. Among the questions to be addressed are: What is the US position on implementing open access? What steps have been taken to implement OSTP objectives? What role do institutional repositories play in open access? How will funder’s open access policies impact universities and researchers? What role are publishers playing in the implementation of open access? How will open access content be linked and measured? Will it affect usage

An analysis of the relationships between speech and reading abilities of four hundred and twenty-five first grade children.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

A preliminary mathematical model of skin dendritic cell trafficking and induction of T cell immunity

Chronic inflammation is a process where dendritic cells (DCs) are constantly sampling antigen in the skin and migrating to lymph nodes where they induce the activation and proliferation of T cells. The T cells then travel back to the skin where they release cytokines that induce/maintain the inflammatory condition. This process is cyclic and ongoing. We created a differential equations model to reflect the initial stages of the inflammatory process. In particular, we modeled antigen stimulation of DCs in the skin, movement of DCs from the skin to a lymph node, and the subsequent activation of T cells in the lymph node. The model was able to simulate DC and T cell responses to antigen introduction taking place within realistic time scales. The goal of such a preliminary model is simply to be able to capture biologically realistic dynamics. Future models can then build on this preliminary model in directions that can potentially allow not only for model validation, but for predictions and hypothesis testing

The Grizzly, April 12, 1985

Construction of Three Athletic Fields is Underway • Dumb Jock Image Unfair Stereotype, Study Says • Campus Shows Concern for African Hunger Problem • Concert Review: Pink Floyd\u27s Leader Provides Powerful Performance • Bear Batters Face Tough Times • Talent Show Moments • Girl\u27s Lacrosse Wins Five, Drops Two • Men\u27s Track Places First, Second in Two Meets • Intramural Basketball Season Endshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1139/thumbnail.jp